The Relationship between Selected Factors and the Caring Behaviors of Nurses
Keywords:
elderly, nurses, age-friendly nursing service system, caring behaviorsAbstract
This descriptive correlational research aimed to examine knowledge about older adults, attitudes toward older adults, perceptions of nursing care based on the concept of the Age-Friendly Nursing Service System : Khon Kaen University Model, and the caring behaviors of nurses, as well as to investigate the relationships between these concepts The study population consisted of 161 registered nurses at the Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast. Data were collected using questionnaires on knowledge about older adults, attitudes toward older adults, perceptions of nursing care based on the Concept of the Age-Friendly Nursing Service System: Khon Kaen University Model, and the care behaviors of nurses, with reliability coefficients of 0.72, 0.81, 0.96, and 0.95, respectively. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, and Spearman’s correlation coefficients.
The results revealed that the participants had low overall knowledge about older adults and very high perceptions of caring nursing according to the concept of the Age-Friendly Nursing Service System: Khon Kaen University Model. Their overall caring behaviors toward older adults were at a high level. Work position showed a slight negative correlation with the registered nurses’ caring behaviors toward older adults. In contrast, the nurses’ perceptions of nursing care based on the Age-Friendly Nursing Service System: Khon Kaen University Model demonstrated a moderate positive correlation with their caring behaviors toward older adults was statistically significant. The findings indicate that, although the nurses demonstrated a very high level of perception of nursing care and exhibited a high level of caring behaviors, their knowledge about older adults was limited. Therefore, enhancing knowledge and strengthening nurses’ perceptions of the nursing care system for the older adults would contribute to further improving care behaviors and enabling nurses to provide appropriate and accurate care grounded in comprehensive knowledge related to older adults.
Downloads
References
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. World population aging 2019: Highlights. New York City: United Nations; 2019.
Pradubmook Sherer P, Theerasilp U, Phetchai P. The elderly’s life situations and determinants of elderly violence: The QuantitativeSurvey in 5 Provinces. Journal of Roi Kaensarn Academi, 2023;8(5):472-90. (in Thai)
National Statistical Office of Thailand. Thailand population statistics 2024. [internet]. 2024. [cited 2026 Feb 3]. Available from: https://www.nso.go.th/nsoweb/main/summano/aE?year=957&type=3309#data__report (in Thai)
World Economic Forum. What is the biggest benefit technology will have on ageing and longevity? [internet]. 2021. [cited 2026 Feb 3]. Available from: https://www.weforum.org/stories/health-and-healthcare-systems/what-is-the-biggest-benefit-technology-ageing-longevity-global-future-council-tech-for-good/
Master Clinicians. Aging population and healthcare challenges: Adapting to changing demographics. [internet]. 2021. [cited 2026 Feb 3]. Available from: https://www.masterclinicians.net/post/aging-population-and-healthcare-challenges-adapting-to-the-changing-demographics
Kankam S. Experience the life of the elderly live longer with quality. Journal of Health Sciences Scholarship, 2017;4(2):51-64. (in Thai) Miller CA. Nursing for wellness in older adults. 5th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott; 2009.
Greenstein L, Abraham A, Tipping B. Treating complexity in the older adult - the role of the geriatric giants. South African Family Practice. 2019;61:10-4. doi: 10.4102/safp.v61i6.5065
Isaacs B. The giants of geriatrics: The challenge of geriatric medicine. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1992.
Limpawattana P. Geriatric syndromes and health issues. 1st ed. Khon Kaen: Khlang Nanawitthaya Press; 2017. (in Thai)
Aroonsang P. Age-friendly nursing care: Roles of nursing education. Gerontological Nursing Program, Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen: Khon Kaen University; 2010. (in Thai)
Hatawaikarn B, Aroonsang P, Phanphruk W. Development of age-friendly nursing care scale perceived by hospitalized older adults. Journal of Nurses’ Association of Thailand, North-Eastern Division. 2012;30(2):154-65. (in Thai)
Chobchuen R, Mongkhonthawornchai S, Hatawaikarn B, Chaichangreet U, Pukdeekumjorn P. Age-friendly nursing care perceived by professional nurses working in hospital wards, project on development of age-friendly nursing service system. Thai Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Practice. 2017;4(2):20-9. (in Thai)
Information Technology Unit. Statistics of patients at Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast 2022–2023. Khon Kaen; 2024. (in Thai)
Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast. Care of elderly patients guide policy. Khon Kaen; 2024. (in Thai)
Charoenkraikamol C, Pituksung A, Namthep J, Saysukanun P, Chimchalong R, Siritipakorn P, Sritalabhen L. Gerontological nursing competencies for registered nurses in a University Hospital Setting. Siriraj Medical Bulletin 2024;17(3):197-208. doi: 10.33192/smb.v17i3.267559 (in Thai)
Khamwang A, Malathum P, Jianvitayakij S. Factors predicting professional nurses’ caring behavior for older persons in a university hospital. Nursing Research and Innovation Journal. 2021;27(1):108-21. (in Thai)
Leethong-in M, Piyawattanapong S. Predicting factors of age-friendly nursing care behavior by nursing students-nursing practice subject. Journal of Nursing and Health Care. 2015;33(3):70-9. (in Thai)
Phisaiphanth S, Vongtree A, Chabuakam N. Knowledge of aging care and attitudes towards aging care among nursing students. Regional Health Promotion Center 9 Journal. 2022;16(1):325-42. (in Thai)
Faronbi JO, Adebowale O, Faronbi GO, Musa OO, Ayamolowo SJ. Perception, knowledge and attitude of nursing students towards the care of older patients. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences. 2017;7:37-42. doi: 10.1016/j.ijans.2017.06.004
Sedri N, Zakeri MA, Zardiny MZ, Tavan A. Evaluation of nurses’ knowledge and attitudes towards older adults and associated factors. The Open Nursing Journal. 2022;16:1-8. doi: 10.2174/18744346-v16-e2206200
Shih YL, Hsieh CJ, Li CY, Chang CW, Hsiao Y. A survey of nurses’ knowledge of and attitudes toward hospitalized older adults. International Journal of Studies in Nursing. 2021;6(2):27-35. doi: 10.20849/ijsn.v6i2.896
Yamane T. Statistics: An introductory analysis. 2nd ed. New York: Harper and Row; 1976.
Palmore EB. Facts on aging: A short quiz. Gerontologist. 1977;17(4):315-20. doi: 10.1093/geront/17.4.315
Runkawatt V. Evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Thai versions of Palmore's Facts on Aging Quiz and Kogan's Attitude Toward Old People among Thai adolescents [dissertation]. New York: State University of New York at Buffalo; 2007.
Bloom S. Human characteristics and school learning. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1976.
Kogan N. Attitudes toward old people: The development of a scale and examination of correlates. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology. 1961;62(1):44-54. doi: 10.1037/h0048053
Runkawatt V, Kerdchuen K, Tipkanjanaraykha K, Ubolwan K, Tawetanawanich Y, Nasirin C, et al. Kogan’s attitude toward old people: Validity and reliability among nursing students in Thailand, Myanmar, and Indonesia. Asian Journal for Public Opinion Research. 2016;3(3):145-55. doi: 10.15206/ajpor.2016.3.3.145
Best J. Research in education. New Jersey: Prentice Hall; 1977.
Yotchai B. Caring behaviors of nurses as perceived by clients in a university hospital [master’s thesis]. Chiang Mai: Chiang Mai University; 2021. (in Thai)
Mohammed RF, Omar AA. Knowledge about elderly care and Its relation to ageism attitude among undergraduate nursing students. American Journal of Nursing Research.2019;7(1):73-8. doi: 10.12691/ajnr-7-1-10
Bloom BS, editor. Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals. Handbook I: Cognitive domain. New York: David McKay Company; 1956.
Milutinović D, Simin D, Kacavendić J, Turkulov V. Knowledge and attitudes of health care students toward older people. Medicinski Pregled. 2015;68(11–12):382-6. doi: 10.2298/mpns1512382m
Vongchavalitkul B, Sanguanwongwan W, Chatchaisucha S, Limsarun T, Thaisamak S, Ruengkhajhon K. Knowledge and attitude of the elderly caregivers: A case study of Thammapakorn Phoklang and Watmuang Elderly Care Center Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Journal of Business Administration. The Association of Private Education Institutions of Thailand. 2016;5(2):74-92. (in Thai)
Mahamad P. Knowledge, attitude and principle of caregiver in elderly disability care in Sungaikolok, Narathiwas. Journal of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine. 2018;17(1-2):1-9. (in Thai)
Melia S, Choowattanapakorn T. Relationship between nurses’ characteristics, ageism, perception of older people’s care and nursing practice in hospitalized older people. Journal of Health Research. 2016;30(2):109-14. doi: 10.14456/jhr.2016.15
Sripramai S, Leethong-in M, Chaichangreet U, Kongpitee K, Kaewudom C, Rooplor S. A survey aged-friendly service behavior of hospital assistnant personnel in Srinagarind Hospital. Mahidol R2R e-Journal. 2024;11(3):63-74. (in Thai)
Huse EF, Bowditch JL. Behavior in organizations: A systems approach to management. 2nd ed. Sydney: Addison-Wesley; 1977.
Modarres SI, Dadkhah B, Mohammadi MA. Investigating the relationship between perception and attitude with responsibility for elderly care in nurses of emergency wards of Ardabil Hospitals in 2020. Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine. 2020;8:1-6. doi: 10.1177/23337214221087094
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Nursing and Therapeutic Care
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
