Effects of Self-Management Support Using a Mobile Application on Health Behaviors and Clinical Outcomes Among Individuals with Prediabetes
Keywords:
self-management support, pre-diabetes, health behavior, mobile applicationAbstract
This quasi-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design aimed to compare 1) mean health behavior scores and 2) mean body weight, waist circumference, and capillary fasting blood glucose levels before and after receiving self-management support through a mobile health application. Forty adults aged 35–59 years with capillary fasting blood glucose levels of 100–125 mg/dL (after an 8-hour fasting) were selected via simple random sampling from Ban Phontoom Sub-district Health Promoting Hospital in Phon Sawan District, Nakhon Phanom Province, Thailand. The intervention tools included a mobile health application developed on the LINE Official Account platform based on Kanfer's self-regulation theory, a self-management support plan, and a home-based self-management record. Data collection instruments included a personal data questionnaire and a 21-item health behavior questionnaire with a content validity index of 0.98 and a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85, along with clinical measurement tools. The 12-week intervention’s study data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-tests.
Post-intervention results showed that 1) overall and domain-specific health behavior scores, including dietary control, physical activity, stress management, and risk factor reduction, were significantly higher than pre-intervention scores (p < .05), and 2) body weight, waist circumference, and capillary fasting blood glucose levels significantly decreased (p < .05). These findings suggest that the theory-based self-management support delivered through the mobile health application enhances health behaviors and improves clinical outcomes among individuals with prediabetes in primary care settings.
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