Factors Predicting Glycemic Control Among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

This predictive correlational design study aimed to assess the predictive power of factors associated with Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) control in adults with type 2 diabetes. A total of 120 participants were selected through purposive sampling from Suranaree University of Technology Hospital in Nakhon Ratchasima province. Research instruments included a demographic questionnaire, a global physical activity questionnaire, and the Perceived Stress Scale questionnaire, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of 0.76 and 0.80, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and binary logistic regressions.
The study results found that 30% of the participants were able to control their blood sugar levels and that 20% of the participants used a combination of oral and injectable antidiabetic medications. The participants had an average sleep duration of 6.45 hours per night. The average total energy expenditure for physical activities was 3,690 MET-minutes/week. The average perceived stress level score was 13.48. Sleep duration per night and type of antidiabetic medications were identified as factors associated with glycemic control. The analysis of the predictive power demonstrated that participants who received both oral and injectable antidiabetic medications were 92% less likely to achieve glycemic control compared to those treated with oral medications alone, with statistical significance at the .05 level. The logistic regression model explained 18% of the variance in glycemic control based on the independent variables. The findings highlight the importance of healthcare providers closely monitoring medication regimens and implementing targeted interventions to enhance glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.