Predictive Factors of Caregiving Behaviors Among Caregivers of Older Adults in the Community in Roi Et Province

Abstract

This predictive correlational research aimed to investigate the factors predicting caregiving behaviors among the caregivers of older adults in community settings. The studied predictors included gender, age, knowledge of elderly care, attitudes toward older adults, and social support. The sample consisted of 128 caregivers of older adults residing in one subdistrict of Roi Et Province. Participants were selected through multistage sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires composed of five parts: (1) the personal information of caregivers, (2) knowledge of elderly care, (3) attitudes toward older adults, (4) social support, and (5) caregiving behaviors. The reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) for the scales were 0.92, 0.93, 0.90 and 0.95, respectively. Data were analyzed using stepwise multiple regressions with a significance level set at .05. 

The study found that caregivers of older adults demonstrated a high level of knowledge regarding elderly care, held positive attitudes toward older adults, received a high level of social support, and exhibited a high overall level of caregiving behaviors. Each specific aspect of caregiving behavior also scored at a high level. Four factors were identified as predictors caregiving behaviors among caregivers: (1) social support, (2) knowledge of elderly care, (3) age, and (4) being female. These factors collectively predicted 56% of the caregiving behaviors among caregivers with statistical significance at the .05 level. The findings highlight the potential for applying these results to enhance the capacity of community-based caregivers. Specifically, the study supports the development of training programs aimed at increasing knowledge of elderly care and promoting strong social support networks among caregivers. These strategies are essential for strengthening caregiver competency and improving the quality of care for older adults.