Development of a Weight Reduction Program using the Self-management Approach for Individuals with Uncontrolled Hypertension and Obesity
Keywords:
self-management program, hypertension, weight loss, obesityAbstract
Obesity is associated with the sympathetic nervous system and renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS) activation, both of which contribute to the development of hypertension. Therefore, weight loss is recommended in the treatment guidelines for individuals with hypertension and obesity. However, behavioral modification for weight loss can be challenging since specific management skills and self-monitoring are required to maintain long-term behavioral changes. Self-management has been used extensively for behavior change in people with chronic conditions. The purpose of this article is to present the development of a weight loss program for adults with uncontrolled hypertension and obesity based on the self-management concept. The 12-week weight loss program included four components of self-management skills: 1) self-monitoring of eating and exercise behaviors using a food record and pedometer to count steps walked daily, 2) performing special tasks to calculate food energy and exercise energy expenditure, 3) seeking information for weight loss by providing a communication channel with a healthcare provider, and 4) changing food selections and increasing the number of steps walked to contribute toward weight loss. The program was tried-out with one case study.
The results from utilizing the 12-week program in a one case study with a Thai male aged 57 years old who had a blood pressure level of 160/73 mmHg and a body mass index of 31 kg/m2 revealed that the program contributed to self-management for weight loss and that the patient was able to change his eating and exercising behaviors as planned. Both body weight and blood pressure were lowered as a result. However, before implementing the program, further research should be undertaken with a larger study group to evaluate its effectiveness.
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