Effects of Home Health Care Programs on Self–Care Behavior, Blood Pressure, and Quality of Life among Patients with Uncontrolled Hypertension
Keywords:
home health care program , hypertension, quality of life, self-care behaviors.Abstract
This quasi-experimental, one group, pre-posttest design research aimed to study the effects of home health care programs on self-care behavior, blood pressure, and quality of life among patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Data were collected from 37 patients with hypertension who came in for follow up at the Wat Tai medical care unit (CMU) at Sunpasitthiprasong hospital in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand. Participants were selected using simple random sampling and participated the home health care program for three months. Data were collected using self-care behavior questionnaires, the Thai version of the quality of life (SF-12 version 2) questionnaires, and blood pressure measurements recorded before and after joining in the program. To ensure their reliability, the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the research instruments were assessed and were .84 and .82, respectively. Data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviations, and paired t-tests.
The results showed that the participants who participated in the program had statistically significantly higher mean scores for the overall self-care behavior, universal self-care requisites, and health division self-care requisites dimensions than before participating in the program ( =3.38 ± 0.18 compared 3.17 ± 0.29, =3.27 ± 0.21 compared 3.10 ± 0.22, and =3.62 ± 0.14 compared 3.35 ± 0.31 ; p<.001, respectively). The mean scores for the developmental self-care requisites were not significantly different. After participating the program, the participants’ systolic and diastolic blood pressures were both significantly lower ( = 145.10 ± 10.84 compared 154.11 ± 12.70, =92.95 ± 4.52 compared 98.97± 6.95 ; p<.001, respectively). Their mean score for quality of life was significantly higher ( = 67.72 + 8.30 compared 60.63 + 7.82). When considering each individual component of quality of life, the participants’ mental component mean scores were significantly higher ( =73.73 + 8.73 compared 67.15 + 12.34; p<.01) after participating in the program. However. There were no significant differences in their physical component scores. The results lead to the conclusion that the home care health care program should be applied to care-giving among patients with uncontrolled hypertension, who are a high risk group, in the medical care unit.
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