ผลของโปรแกรมพัฒนาการรับรู้ความสามารถของผู้ดูแลต่อพฤติกรรมการดูแล และอัตราการกลับมารักษาซ้ำด้วยโรคปอดอักเสบ ในเด็ก 0-5 ปี The Effects of Perceived Self-efficacy Development Program among Caregivers on Caring Behavior and Pneumonia Re-admission Rate in Children Under 5 Year of Age

Abstract

This quasi-experimental research aims to examine the effects of a perceived self-efficacy development program in preventing readmission with pneumonia among children age 0-5 years.  Study subjects were 30 caregivers of children age 0-5 years that were readmitted with pneumonia to the in-patient department of one community hospital in Khon Kaen Province during January and April 2017.  A purposive sampling was employed to first 15 caregivers were assigned to the comparison group and the latter 15 caregivers to the experimental group that received a self-efficacy development program that was based on Bandura’s self-efficacy theory.  The program contained 5 steps and was administered over a 3-day period while the children were admitted.  Data collection instrument on and pneumonia prevention behaviors was evaluated for content validity by a panel of 5 experts and consisted of 3 parts including demographic information, caregiver’s pneumonia care behavior (CVI = 0.8, α = 0.92), and a readmission with pneumonia interview form.  Data analyses were completed using Chi-square test, Independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test and Fisher's exact test. 

                Results were as followed; compared to those in the comparison group, caregivers in the experimental group had significantly higher overall pneumonia care behavior score and scores in pneumonia prevention, fever management, care of nasal drips, cough management, respiratory rate counting, and dyspnea care  (p <.05). Readmission rate with pneumonia between the two caregiver groups was not statistically significantly difference.   

Results of this study indicated that caregivers who underwent the self-efficacy development program to prevent readmission with pneumonia for children age 0-5 years had improved pneumonia prevention behaviors.  Nurse administrators should encourage nurses to continue implementing this program to prevent readmission with pneumonia.