ผลของโปรแกรมส่งเสริมการรับรู้ความสามารถและความคาดหวังของผู้ปกครองต่อการควบคุมน้ำหนักเด็กวัยก่อนเรียนที่มีภาวะอ้วน Effects of a parent Self-Efficacy and Outcome Expectation promotion program on weight control among preschool children with obesity

Abstract

This one-group quasi-experimental study aims to investigate the effects of parents’ perceived self-efficacy and outcome expectation promotion program, developed based on Badura’s Self-Efficacy theory, on weight control among children age 2-5 years old with obesity at the Child Development Demonstration Center, Faculty of Nursing, Khon Kaen University. Fourteen parents who had an overweight child were purposively selected to receive the program that consisted of a handbook, VDO clip and storytelling about obesity over a period of 4 months.  Data collection instruments included the child body weight recording form and a questionnaire that the researcher developed which were evaluated by an expert panel and yielded a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.80.  Descriptive statistics were used to obtain means and paired t-test was used to compare means.        

Results indicated that 1) The mean score of parents’ perceived self-efficacy in controlling the child’s weight after the program was significantly higher than before using the program (p < .05).  2) The mean score of parents’ perceived outcome expectation in controlling the child’s weight was not statistically significantly different between before and after the program implementation.  3) The mean body weight of overweight children after program implementation was significantly different from the mean body weight goal (p < .05), which reflected weight control failure.  

Results from this study suggested that although parents’ self-efficacy score increased, their outcome expectation score remain unchanged and that resulted in the inability to reach the children’s body weight goal.  Regarding to the research result has suggested that self-efficacy, outcome expectation and behavior changed are related to the Bandura’s theory.