ปัจจัยที่มีอิทธิพลต่อพฤติกรรมการป้องกันการติดเชื้อเอชไอวีของเยาวชนชาย ในทัณฑสถานแห่งหนึ่ง Factors Influencing HIV Preventive behaviors among male Adolescents in a Correctional Institution

Abstract

In current situation, HIV transmission has still been an important problem in Thailand and also in other countries. It needs solutions urgently, especially among inmates, for factors influencing their access to HIV prevention services. Therefore, this descriptive predictive research study aimed to examine the factors influencing HIV preventive behaviors among male youths in a correctional institution based on the health belief model. The sample consisted of 134 male youths in a correctional institution. The sample was selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires, which were tested for their content validity by a panel of experts. The questionnaires included a personal information questionnaire and individual perception questionnaires (perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, and perceived self-efficacy). The questionnaires had reliabilities of .95, .88, .89, .91 and .85, respectively.  Knowledge about HIV prevention questionnaire had reliability .82; a practice in HIV preventive policy perception questionnaire had related reliability of .84. The HIV preventive behaviors questionnaire had related reliability .85. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.  Predictors were identified using stepwise multiple regression analysis.

The results revealed that predictive factors for HIV preventive behaviors of the daily living among male youths in a correctional institution were perceived self-efficacy in HIV prevention (β = .352, p < .01) and perceived barriers in HIV prevention (β= -.174, p < .05). The two factors were significant predictors of HIV preventive behavior, accounting for 14.10 %.

Although this study may not have high capacity to classify predictors, the results can be used for planning or management to increase recognition of the perceived self-efficacy in HIV prevention and reduce the perceived barriers in HIV prevention in a correctional institution. These research data can be used for planning to reduce HIV infection in correctional institutions in the future.