The results of using the “Smart kids by SEND STEP” model in developing executive function of children aged 2-6 years, Rasisalai District, Sisaket Province

Abstract

This action research was conducted to study the results of using the “Smart kids by SEND STEP” model to develop executive function (EF) of children aged 2-6 years in Rasi Salai District, Sisaket Province. The study consisted of 4 steps including 1) Planning, 2) Action, 3) Observe and 4) Reflect. The participants were specifically selected into the study from the child development center and consisted of 26 children aged 2-6 years attending the center and six child care teachers. The study was conducted between November 2022 and April 2023. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis.  The quantitative data from the assessment of executive thinking, development, emotional intelligence, and nutrition was analyzed using frequency distributions, means, percentages, and standard deviations.  The research found that the “Smart kids by SEND STEP” model implemented at the Child Development Center consisted of 1) S: SELF, promoting the development of children's identities 2) E: Executive function: promoting 9 brain skills 3) N: Nutrition: appropriate nutrition according to age, emphasizing iron and iodine supplements, 4) D: Devolvement: physical, emotional, social, and intellectual development, and 5) SEND, a system for communicating information about child care among families, the child development center and public health officials.  It was found that after using the model, teachers were more confident in creating experiences to promote EF brain skills and using the plan in doing activities with children. The child participants’ early childhood children's executive thinking development and emotional intelligence scores increased by 42.31% and 76.92%, respectively, 73.08% of the them mat the nutritional status criteria, and 96.15% exhibited age-appropriate development. Teachers (85.71%) were satisfied with the model at the “very satisfied” level. The findings suggest that the “Smart kids by SEND STEP” model can increase the children's EF and emotional intelligence, as well as Building teachers' confidence in promoting EF and implementing this model in child development centers.