ปัจจัยทำนายการเพิ่มน้ำหนักตัวในไตรมาสที่สองของการตั้งครรภ์ ในสตรีตั้งครรภ์ที่มีภาวะน้ำหนักเกินและอ้วนFactors Predicting Second Trimester Weight Gain In Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women

Abstract

The purpose of this predictive research study was to investigate predictive power of selected factors including parity, pre-pregnancy body image, social support, energy intake, and physical activity to predict weight gain during the second trimester. The participants were 130 overweight and obese pregnant women who attended prenatal care at Khon Kaen Hospital between July and September 2018. Data were collected by the Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire, the Body Shape Questionnaire, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, the Dietary Intake Record Form, and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire.  Data were analyzed by Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and Binary logistic regression.       

The findings revealed that parity, pre-pregnancy body image, social support, energy intake, and physical activity could predict weight gain during the second trimester of pregnancy with statistical significance (p < 0.01). It was found that overweight and obese pregnant women who perceived a low and moderate level of social support were 6.0 times and  4.4 times respectively, more likely to gain weight than the standard criterion during the second trimester compared to those who perceived a high level of social support (OR= 6.001, CI 1.89-19.02 and OR= 4.413, CI 1.39-14.01, respectively). In addition, overweight and obese pregnant women with inappropriate energy intake were 8.2 times more likely to gain more weight than the standard criterion compared to those who had appropriate energy intake (OR= 8.218, CI 1.97-34.37), and overweight and obese pregnant women who had light physical activities were 6.5 times more likely to gain more weight than the standard criterion compared to those who had heavy physical activities (OR= 6.464, CI 1.58-26.43).

Based on the findings, it is recommended that overweight and obese pregnant women should have appropriate energy intake and physical activities, with assistance and support from their family to enable them control weight gain during the second trimester of pregnancy.