มุมมองเชิงระบบนิเวศต่อความรุนแรงที่มีผลกระทบในวงกว้างในประเทศไทย : การวิเคราะห์พหุกรณี

ผู้แต่ง

  • มานิกา วิเศษสาธร, ส.ด. คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยรามคำแหง https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3264-7864
  • ปิยพงศ์ แซ่ตั้ง, ศศ.ด. คณะศึกษาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยรามคำแหง
  • เสวียน แก้ววงษา, ศ.ม. คณะเศรษฐศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยรามคำแหง

คำสำคัญ:

การวิเคราะห์พหุกรณี, ความรุนแรง, ความรุนแรงที่มีผลกระทบในวงกว้าง, ประเทศไทย, ระบบนิเวศ

บทคัดย่อ

วัตถุประสงค์ : เพื่อทำความเข้าใจเหตุการณ์ความรุนแรงที่มีผลกระทบในวงกว้างในประเทศไทยและระบบนิเวศที่เกี่ยวข้อง

วิธีการ : การศึกษาเชิงคุณภาพจากข้อมูลทุติยภูมิที่เป็นรายงานข่าวความรุนแรงที่มีผลกระทบในวงกว้างในปี พ.ศ. 2562 - 2566 ที่ปรากฏในสำนักข่าวระดับประเทศที่มีกองบรรณาธิการตรวจทาน วิเคราะห์ข้อมูลด้วยการวิเคราะห์พหุกรณีและตรวจสอบความน่าเชื่อถือด้วยวิธีการสามเส้า

ผล : เหตุการณ์ที่สืบค้นได้ 52 กรณี มีเหตุการณ์ที่เข้าเกณฑ์การศึกษาและนำมาวิเคราะห์ 9 กรณี ส่วนใหญ่เป็นเหตุกราดยิง ผู้ก่อเหตุเป็นชาย ใช้อาวุธปืน ลงมือก่อเหตุคนเดียว และมีเหตุจูงใจเกี่ยวข้องกับความเครียดสะสม ปัญหาการเงิน ปัญหาความสัมพันธ์ และปัญหาการปรับตัว การวิเคราะห์พหุกรณีโดยจำแนกปัจจัยตามระบบนิเวศพบว่า ระดับบุคคลมีต้นทุนทางจิตใจและประวัติความรุนแรงในอดีตเป็นปัจจัยที่ส่งผลอย่างมากต่อการแสดงความรุนแรง ระดับจุลภาคเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจัยจากครอบครัวและความมั่นคงทางอาชีพและการเงิน ส่วนระดับมหภาคเกี่ยวข้องกับอิทธิพลจากชุมชนและการเรียนรู้ผ่านสื่อสาธารณะ

สรุป : ปัจจัยเชิงระบบนิเวศที่เกี่ยวข้องกับสถานการณ์ความรุนแรงที่มีผลกระทบวงกว้างมีหลายระดับ ทั้งระดับบุคคล ระดับจุลภาค และระดับมหภาค ซึ่งมีความสัมพันธ์กันอย่างซับซ้อนและมีบทบาทร่วมกันในการกระตุ้นการก่อเหตุ

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2024-12-26