Relationship between perceived health status and self-care behaviors among older adults with hypertension living in urban communities
Abstract
Thailand’s transition into a super-aged society has resulted in an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases, particularly hypertension, which remains a major public health concern. This descriptive correlational study aimed to examine the level of health perception, the level of self-care behaviors, and the relationship between health perception and self-care behaviors among older adults with hypertension living in urban communities. The sample consisted of 275 older adults with hypertension residing in urban communities within the health service area who received services at the Geriatric Medicine Clinic, Vajira Hospital. The research instruments included a Health Perception Scale and a Self-Care Behavior Scale, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of .94 and .91, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s product–moment correlation coefficient. The results revealed that participants had a high level of health perception (=2.79, SD=.27) and a very good level of self-care behaviors (=2.52, SD=.27). Health perception was found to have a strong positive correlation with self-care behaviors, with statistical significance (r=.66, p<.001). Public health agencies should utilize this information in health promotion efforts by emphasizing awareness of disease severity and risk, reducing barriers to behavioral change, and developing strategies that align with lifestyles of older adults to continuously support and enhance self-care behaviors among older adults.
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