The Effects of Physical Activity Program on Physical Fitness in Older Adults

Abstract

Introduction: The health problems of older adults are mainly caused by inappropriate health behaviors, less activity, or long sedentary behaviors. These make their body functions experience less potential.

Research objectives: To study the physical fitness level of older adults and the result of their physical activity program on the physical fitness of older adults before and after participating in the program.

Research methodology: This quasi - experimental study was a one - group pretest - posttest design. There were 32 participants in the study. The program consisted of 1) lectures regarding physical activity, 2) assigned the older adults to perform their physical activities by choosing 13 specifics from designated handouts and following 1 type of exercise every day for eight weeks, then recording the time they used in the table, and 3) the participants received medical checkup and physical fitness test on week 1, 3, 5 and 8. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and paired sample t - tests.

Results: After the experiment, the average score for physical fitness in the aspect of aerobic endurance was 2.88, at a high level. In the aspect of agility and balance during movement, the average score was 1.50, at a low level. When comparing the scores before and after the experiment, it was found that the overall physical fitness score was significantly higher after the experiment (p < .01). Specifically, there was a significant difference in both aerobic endurance and agility and balance during movement before and after the experiment (p < .01).

Conclusion: Adequate and appropriate physical activity can promote physical fitness in older adults.

Implications: Older adults should be encouraged to engage in physical activities that involve using their leg muscles to improve balance and mobility, which are essential in preventing falls.