The Effects of Smoking Prevention Program and Using Facebook Among Grade 8 Students, Amphoe Mueang, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province
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Abstract
Smoking initiatives in children and adolescents lead to cigarette addiction and the use of more dangerous drugs in the future, so prevention of new smokers is important. This quasi-experimental research aimed to study the effects of smoking prevention programs and using Facebook, applying the Social Cognitive Theory among grade 8 students in Amphoe Muang, Prachuap Khiri Khan Province. The samples were 54 students which were divided into experimental group (31 students) and comparison group (23 students). The experimental group participated in the smoking prevention program applying the Social Cognitive Theory and Facebook for designing activities for 8 weeks, including providing knowledge and building self-efficacy for not smoking. The program composed of lecture with slides, watching VDO and you tube, group discussion, games, creating an environment enabling learning, exhibition and joining the Facebook group for learning exchange. Pre-post intervention data were collected by questionnaires and analyzed by descriptive statistics and compared the difference with Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Chi – square, Independent t – test, Paired t-test, ANCOVA, McNemar test and Odd ratio at 95% CI.
The results showed that the experimental and the comparison group have had similar characteristics respectively (p>0.05). Within group comparison after the experimentation, the experimental group had significantly higher changes with regards to knowledge about negative effects and dangers of smoking (SD=2.48, p<0.011), perceived self-efficacy to stop smoking (SD=8.41, p=0.036), outcome expectation of non-smoking (SD=6.71, p<0.001) and intention to stop smoking than, before the experimentation significantly (p=0.039). Excepting the attitude to non-smoking of the experimental group, it had not significance (SD=10.06, p=0.073). While within comparison group, it had not significance in all dimensions (p>0.05). For between group comparison after the experiment with ANCOVA, the experimental group had higher mean of knowledge about negative effects and dangers of smoking than comparison group significantly (p<0.001) while it had not significance in the other dimensions (p>0.05)
Thus, the activities and the processes of this smoking prevention program and using Facebook could be developed and applies in teaching secondary school students. Nevertheless, interesting techniques, monitoring and stimulating the use of Facebook regularly should be done and add activity of skill development.
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