对泰国与中国栽培金银花的初步植物化学研究
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摘要
金银花被认为是一种重要的中药材,在多种中医方剂中广泛应用,常用于治疗呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病及某些皮肤病。泰国目前从中国大量进口金银花,用于制药和食品工业, 而国内种植的金银花主要作为观赏植物。本研究旨在: 提取在泰国和中国种植的金银花中的活性成分; 分析所提取物的物理性质及化学成分;比较两地金银花中部分主要活性成分的含量, 以作为提升泰国本地金银花附加值的基础数据。研究结果显示:(1)采用己烷、乙酸乙酯、甲醇和乙醇为溶剂进行浸渍提取(maceration)时,甲醇提取物的产率最高,而乙酸乙酯的产率最低; (2)初步化学筛选结果表明,提取物中含有生物碱类和黄酮类化合物, 并通过红外光谱(infrared spectroscopy)分析发现其红外图谱呈现出不同的官能团特征; (3)通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)对部分活性成分绿原酸(chlorogenic acid)和木犀草素(luteolin)进行分析, 发现泰中两国种植的金银花中均含有这两种成分。其中, 中国金银花中绿原酸含量高于泰国金银花, 而泰国金银花中的木犀草素含量与中国相近,或略高于中国金银花。
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