循证证据中药治疗癌症
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
摘要
中医在中国及全球华人社区拥有悠久的历史。中药作为传统中医使用广泛的方面之一，被广泛应用来治疗各种疾病，包括癌症。本文综述了近年来中药在癌症防治中的应用，包括单味药、复方制剂以及与西医结合治疗的研究进展。本文的文献检索覆盖了过去 10 年的科学研究资料，包括人体研究、动物实验、体外实验及相关的活性成分。结果显示，最常用并有科学证据支持 10 种单味中药在癌症治疗中的应用，例如黄芪、白花蛇舌草、当归、人参、三七、丹参、半枝莲等。此外，在癌症患者中已有研究并报道的常用复方中成药包括养正消积胶囊、黄芪汤、槐耳颗粒、复方斑蝥胶囊、金龙胶囊等。综上所述，中药无论是以单味药形式、复方制剂还是与西医结合治疗，在癌症防治中展现出潜力，不仅可减轻现代治疗带来的副作用，还可增强免疫功能，改善癌症患者的生活质量。
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
参考
Dai ZQ, Liao X, Wielang LS, Hu J, Wang YY, Kim TH, et al. Cochrane systematic reviews on traditional Chinese medicine: what matters – the quantity or quality of evidence?. Phytomedicine. 2022;98:153921.
So TH, Chan SK, Lee VHF, Chen BZ, Kong FM, Lao LX. Chinese medicine in cancer treatment – how is it practised in the East and the West?. Clinical Oncology. 2019;31(8):578-88.
Yadav N, Deshmukh R, Mazumder R. A comprehensive review on the use of traditional Chinese medicine for cancer treatment. Pharmacol Res-Mod Chin Med. 2024;11:100423.
Hfocus. Department of Medical Services reveals that 140,000 new Thais are diagnosed with cancer each year, resulting in 83,000 deaths [internet]. 2024 [cited 2024 Nov 30]. Available from: https://www.hfocus.org/content/2024/02/29679 (in Thai)
Peng LJ, Zhang K, Li YJ, Chen LY, Gao HF, Chen H. Real-world evidence of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment on cancer: a literature-based review. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2022;2022:7770380.
Li CL, Hsia TC, Li CH, Chen KJ, Yang YH, Yang ST. Adjunctive traditional Chinese medicine improves survival in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-line epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs): a nationwide, population-based cohort study. Integr Cancer Ther. 2019;18:1534735419827079.
Gong YB, Xu ZY, Jin CJ, Deng HB, Wang ZQ, Zhou WD, et al. Treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with Qi-nourishing essence-replenishing Chinese herbal medicine combined with chemotherapy. Biol Proced Online. 2018;20:9.
Wang Q, Wang Q, Wang SF, Jiao LJ, Zhang RX, Zhong Y, et al. Oral Chinese herbal medicine as maintenance treatment after chemotherapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Oncol. 2017;24(4):e269-76.
Wang LC, Chang YY, Lee IC, Kuo HC, Tsai MY. Systematic review and meta-analysis of Chinese herbal medicine as adjuvant treatment in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients. Complementary Therapies in Medicine. 2020;52:102472.
Kuo YT, Liao HH, Chiang JH, Wu MY, Chen BC, Chang CM, et al. Complementary Chinese herbal medicine therapy improves survival of patients with pancreatic cancer in Taiwan: a nationwide population-based cohort study. Integrative Cancer Therapies. 2018;17(2):411-22.
Li KX, Xiao KM, Zhu SJ, Wang Y, Wang W. Chinese herbal medicine for primary liver cancer therapy: perspectives and challenges. Front Pharmacol. 2022;13:889799.
Liao YH, Lin CC, Lao HC, Chiang JH, Lin JG, Li TC. Adjunctive traditional Chinese medicine therapy improves survival of liver cancer patients. Liver International. 2015;35(12):2595-602.
Chao TH, Fu PK, Chang CH, Chang SN, Mao FC, Lin CH. Prescription patterns of Chinese herbal products for post-surgery colon cancer patients in Taiwan. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;155(1):702-8.
Hung KF, Hsu CP, Chiang JH, Lin HJ, Kuo YT, Sun MF, et al. Complementary Chinese herbal medicine therapy improves survival of patients with gastric cancer in Taiwan: a nationwide retrospective matched-cohort study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2017;199:168-74.
Feng RQ, Li DH, Liu XK, Zhao XH, Wen QE, Yang Y. Traditional Chinese medicine for breast cancer: a review. Breast Cancer. 2023;15:747-59.
Lin YS, Shen YC, Wu CY, Tsai YY, Yang YH, Lin YY, et al. Danshen improves survival of patients with breast cancer and dihydroisotanshinone I induces ferroptosis and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Front Pharmacol. 2019;10:01226.
Tsai YT, Lai JN, Wu CT. The use of Chinese herbal products and its influence on tamoxifen induced endometrial cancer risk among female breast cancer patients: a population-based study. J Ethnopharmacol. 2014;155(2):1256-62.
Li S, So TH, Tang GY, Tan HY, Wang N, Ng BFL, et al. Chinese herbal medicine for reducing chemotherapy-associated side-effects in breast cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol. 2020;10:599073.
Zhu LB, Li LR, Li YS, Ji W, Qi W. Chinese herbal medicine as an adjunctive therapy for breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2016;2016:9469276.
Lee YC, Chen YH, Huang YC, Lee YF, Tsai MY. Effectiveness of combined treatment with traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine on the prognosis of patients with breast cancer. J Altern Complement Med. 2020;26(9):835-42.
Lin HC, Lin CL, Huang WY, Shangkuan WC, Kang BH, Chu YH, et al. The use of adjunctive traditional Chinese medicine therapy and survival outcome in patients with head and neck cancer: a nationwide population-based cohort study. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine. 2015;108(12):959-65.
Wang RY, Sun QH, Wang F, Liu Y, Li X, Chen TH, et al. Efficacy and safety of Chinese herbal medicine on ovarian cancer after reduction surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol. 2019;9:730.
Wang C, Lin KYH, Wu MY, Lin CL, Lin JG, Chang CYY, et al. Adjunctive Chinese herbal medicine treatment is associated with an improved survival rate in patients with cervical cancer in Taiwan: a matched cohort study. Integr Cancer Ther. 2021;20:15347354211061752.
Nie J, Zhao CL, Deng L, Chen J, Yu B, Wu XL, et al. Efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine in treating cancer (Review). Biomed Rep. 2016;4(1):3-14.
Kong MY, Li LY, Lou YM, Chi HY, Wu JJ. Chinese herbal medicines for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer: from molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. J Integr Med. 2020;18(5):369-84.
Xie RF, Song ZY, Xushao LY, Huang JG, Zhao T, Yang Z. The mechanism of Bai He Gu Jin Tang against non-small cell lung cancer revealed by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Medicine (Baltimore). 2022;101(52):32555.
Hue C. Chinese and Western herbal medicine: a guide to potential risks and drug interactions [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2025 May 30]. Available from: https://ethnomed.org/resource/chinese-and-western-herbal-medicine-a-guide-to-potential-risks-and-drug-interactions/
