针刺拮抗肌治疗脑卒中后痉挛的临床疗效研究现状
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摘要
肌肉痉挛是中风康复期患者面临的主要问题之一，对生活质量产生显著影响，甚至可能导致残疾。针刺拮抗肌法的发展来源于传统针灸理论、物理治疗学以及解剖学的结合，基于屈肌和伸肌之间与阴阳的平衡。该法旨在调节肌肉对的肌张力和功能，为了取得缓解痉挛，实现阴阳平衡的效果。目前，拮抗肌电针疗法在临床上应用越来越多，并有大量临床研究支持其治法得疗效。本综述系统汇总了近些年涉及到使用拮抗肌电针疗法治疗中风后肌肉痉挛的研究情况。资料来源由 2014 年 1 月到 2024 年 12 月期间发表的书籍、学术文章、研究论文或线上数据库，如中国知网 (CNKI)、国际数据库 ScienceDirect、美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)、Google Scholar 等。综述结果表明，拮抗肌电针疗法对中风后肌肉痉挛患者的康复方面效果显著。研究显示，此法能减轻肌肉痉挛，且能提高了肌肉运动能力。研究结果显示，治疗组效果显著优于对照组，具有统计学意义 (p<0.05)，证明了针刺拮抗肌法的有效性和安全性，值得进一步发展以提升治疗效果。方可当为治疗中风后肌肉痉挛患者首选方法之一。
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