Formulation of Topical Film-Forming Spray Product Containing Mitragyna speciosa Kroth.
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Abstract
Introduction and objective: Mitragyna speciosa, commonly known as kratom, holds significant therapeutic properties in traditional Thai medicine for treating dysentery and diarrhea, alleviating muscle pain, and enhancing physical functions. Kratom leaves are used in both fresh and dried forms like tea and coffee. Pharmacologically, kratom acts as a nervous system stimulant, provides pain relief via opioid receptors, inhibits PGE2 secretion through COX-2 enzyme inhibition, reduces gastric acid secretion, suppresses appetite, and offers antioxidant benefits. The active compound in kratom leaves is mitragynine, an alkaloid. This study aimed to develop a film-forming spray product that contains kratom extract for external use.
Methods: The development of an topical film-forming spray product involved studying various polymers and plasticizers, as well as determining the appropriate alcohol content for the formulation. The physical characteristics of the developed formulation were assessed, and the mitragynine content was analyzed using HPLC. Additionally, the stability of the formulation was evaluated under room temperature and accelerated conditions by assessing physical characteristics and determining the remaining active compound content.
Results: Polymer PVP K30 was found to provide good stability of the kratom extract film-forming spray product, with only slight color changes while maintaining clarity and showing no white precipitate. The analysis of mitragynine amount in the spray product using HPLC revealed a content of 0.00077 ± 0.00 %w/w.
Discussion: The stability study of the spray product, both physically and chemically, showed that PVP K30 is a polymer that is highly compatible with kratom extract, providing good stability to the product. This makes it useful for developing potential film-forming spray products. The stability study also showed that after three months the mitragynine content at room temperature was 0.00073 ± 0.00 %w/w, while under accelerated conditions it was 0.00068 ± 0.00 %w/w.
Conclusion and recommendations: The topical film-forming spray product containing kratom extract is conveniently and easily used. The study findings can be used as a basis for developing herbal skin products, especially for external use from kratom extract.
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