Stimulatory Effect of Thai Herbal Plant Extracts on Lymphocytes for Destruction of Cultured Chronic Myeloid
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Abstract
Introduction and Objective: This research aims to screen and evaluate the effects of Thai herbal extracts in stimulating white blood cells, specifically lymphocytes, to destroy cultured leukemia cells at the in vitro level.
Methods: Herbal extracts were utilized to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the laboratory for 24 hours. Subsequently, the PBMCs were cultured with K-562 CCL-243™ chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line labeled with the fluorescent dye Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE) for 4–6 hours. The K-562 CCL-243™ cell line was then stained with Propidium iodide (PI) to identify dead cells, and analyzed using a flow cytometer. The destroyed K-562 CCL-243™ cell line was stained with PI and CFSE, while the viable cells remained stained only with CFSE.
Results: Testing the activity of 17 herbal plant extracts on PBMCs from donated blood (3 donors) revealed that 5 herbal extracts could significantly stimulate PBMCs to destroy K-562 CCL-243™ cell line compared to unstimulated control PBMCs. The effective herbal extracts include HID (Helicteres isora L. aqueous extract), CSS (Cannabis sativa L.), CCF (fresh cinchona, Cinchona ledgeriana Moens.), CCD (dried cinchona), and AED. 1 (Pilangkasa, Ardisia elliptica Thunb.).
Discussion: While this study tested PBMCs stimulation in three healthy volunteers and conducted statistical analyses, future research should consider increasing the number of volunteers and including blood samples from leukemia patients to enhance the confidence of the test results.
Conclusion and Recommendation: The laboratory test results indicate the scientific properties of Thai herbal extracts, demonstrating their ability to stimulate PBMCs and destroy K-562 CCL-243™ cultured cancer cells at the in vitro level. Therefore, further research should focus on identifying the active ingredients and mechanisms of these herbal extracts to confirm their efficacy in destroying cancer cells. This could contribute to the development of Thai medicine, promoting the utilization of Thai medicinal plants for leukemia treatment.
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