Literature Review of Thong Phan Chang (Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) Kurz
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Abstract
Introduction and objective: Thong phan chang, besides having an auspicious name in Thai, has medicinal qualities for treating illnesses. Research results have been reported in many areas, including basic science, medical science and other applications. The objective of this review was to enhance knowledge, deepen understanding and provide additional values of Thong Phan Chang herb. Then, the information will be the basis for further utilization of the herb.
Methods: The review of existing literature involved data retrieval from both national and international databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, Thai-Journal Citation Index Center, and various other educational, agricultural and beauty websites, etc. and the collection of relevant documents from 1988 through 2024, totaling 96 subjects.
Results: The review has shown that Thong Phan Chang is one of the important medicinal herbs used for treating diseases according to Thai traditional medicine. The content can be divided into three main topics. Firstly, the basic information about Thong Phan Chang, including the easy way for planting and propagation, the suitable harvest time, and the strain development. Secondly, important biological substances of Thong Phan Chang (naphthoquinones, or RN) such as rhinacanthin A (Rn-A) to rhinacanthin V (Rn-V). Particularly, rhinacanthin C (Rn-C) is a significant compound with multiple properties. Lastly, the pharmacological effects of Thong Phan Chang. It has been proven to be effective in multiple activities, such as prevention of malaria, prevention and treatment of diabetes, anti-fungal/anti-bacterial properties, boosting immune system, safeguarding nerve cells, and anti-cancer, anti-viral, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Moreover, there have been several reports on developments of many Thong Phan Chang crude extract products such as soap, liquid soap, deodorant roll-on, shampoo, medicine, and disinfecting gel.
Discussion: This review involved the retrieval of basic knowledge of Thai traditional medicine about herb planting, breed development, and main substances (active ingredients and biological activities). Thong phan chang is an interesting herb with great potential for the development of medicines for disease prevention and treatment as well as products for everyday use.
Conclusion and recommendation: Thong Chan Chang herb is easy to grow and useful in many options. With its basic scientific information, the review has yielded more knowledge and understanding beneficial to all concerned to further develop Thong Phan Chang-based health products and undertake extended clinical studies on the herb.
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