Herbal Extract Preparation Process
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Abstract
Introduction and objective: Herbal extract preparation process is a process of obtaining the desired compound or removing the undesired compound from a medicinal plant raw material. This article aims to describe the fundamental factors affecting the extract quality and the extraction processes.
Methods: Literature review of relevant articles from books and journals was performed, analyzed and concluded.
Results: Extraction process consists of four steps: having the solvent penetrate through the plant matrix, dissolving the plant’s active compound in the solvent, letting the compound diffuse from the matrix, and collecting the plant extract. The fundamental factors affecting the extract quality are plant, extraction solvent and extraction technique. This article describes such factors and methods of plant extraction including maceration, infusion, decoction, percolation, reflux, soxhlet extraction, enfleurage, hydrodistillation, steam distillation, mechanical extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), liquid extraction (LLE), solid phase extraction (SPE) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE).
Discussion: There are some factors affecting the plant extraction process. The selection of a suitable extraction method must concern those factors. Good preparation practice should be performed to obtain the extract that meets its intended use. Pre-extraction process, raw material quality, suitable processing method should be considered.
Conclusion and recommendation: This article has collected and made a conclusion on the important information about plant extraction process from many sources. The information will be useful for entrepreneurs and others interested; and it could be applied to extracting herbal materials to yield quality extracts.
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