Effects of Foot Massage Using Traditional Tools on Foot Numbness in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Foot numbness leads to foot amputation for diabetic patients (0.2–1.6%). Foot massage can help to relieve foot numbness. Several studies have investigated the effects of foot massage using traditional tools on foot numbness among diabetic patients. The current study conducted a systematic review to summarize the effects of foot massage using traditional tools on foot numbness. Studies were searched for from multiple sources. Of the 1,231 records identified, 6 were eligible. Eligible studies were assessed for risk of bias and certainty of evidence. In a meta-analysis, Review Manager 5 was used to summarize the results. The included studies were analyzed using a fixed effects model, and the results showed that the diabetic patients receiving foot massage using traditional tools had fewer points of foot numbness than those in the control group. The standardized mean difference was -1.14 (95% CI: -1.40 to -0.88, I2 = 0%). The findings indicate that foot massage with traditional tools could relieve numbness in diabetic patients; however, the evidence is unclear due to a high risk of bias and a very low level of certainty. The effects of traditional foot massage tools on foot numbness in diabetic patients should be further studied using a randomized controlled trial and a clearly described research methodology.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
The International Diabetes Federation (IDF). Diabetes in western pacific [Internet]. 2019. [cited 2020 Sep 15]; Available from: https://www.idf.org/our-network/regions-members/western-pacific/diabetes-in-wp.html
Division of Non Communicble Disease. Non communicble disease data. 2016. [cited 2020 Sep 12]; Available from: http://www.thaincd.com/2016/mission/documents.php?tid=32&gid=1-020 (in Thai)
Siriraj Piyamaharajkarun Hospital. Diabetes: understanding and preventing. 2021. [cited 2021 Oct 25]; Available from: https://www.siphhospital.com/th/news/article/share/diabetes-2 (in Thai)
Phothisat S, Niramitmahapanya S, Deerochanawong C, Sarinnapakorn V, Siriwiwattanakul N, Archayindee S, Rattanasuwan T. Diabetes mellitus. 2014. [cited 2020 Oct 25]; Available from: https://www.hiso.or.th/hiso/picture/reportHealth/report/report8_7.pdf (in Thai)
Division of Non Communicble Disease, Department of Disease Control. NCDs Disease situation report: diabetes, hypertension and risk factors, 2019. Bangkok: Aksorn Graphic & Design; 2020. 88 p. (in Thai)
Borisut S. Comparison of the effect of foot care education program with foot care program that combines foot massage with coconut pedal on foot numbness in type 2 diabetic patients. (thesis). Songkhla: Prince of Songkhla Nakarin University; 2009. (93 p.) (in Thai)
Diabetes Association of Thailand under The Patronage of Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. Diabetes cause feet to go numb: how to take care. 2021. [cited 2021 Oct 26]; Available from: https://www.dmthai.org/index.php/knowledge/for-normal-person/health-information-and-articles/health-information-and-articles-2562/ (in Thai)
Treeuttananukul T. Effects of foot reflexology on foot numbness in patients with type 2 diabetes. (thesis). Chachoengsao: Rajabhat Rajanagarindra University; 2013. (75 p.) (in Thai)
Division of Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Department for Development of Thai Traditional and Alternative Medicine. Use of integrative medicine as caring approach for patients with diabetes mellitus. Bangkok: We Indy Design Company Limited; 2015. 92 p. (in Thai)
Chanumklang K, Peungsuwan P, Donrapunha W, Chatchawan U, Sriboonreung T. The effectiveness of home self-foot massage using a massage wood device on foot sensation and balance performance in patients with diabetes mellitus. Journal of Medical Technology and Physical Therapy. 2019;31(2):175–85. (in Thai)
Phormpayak D, Boonmee L, Chinkhanaphan C. Foot massage to reduce foot neuropathy among Thai patients with diabetic: a systematic review. Songklanagarind Journal of Nursing. 2017;37(4):118–29. (in Thai)
Higgins JPT, Thomas J, Chandler J, Cumpston M, Li T, Page MJ, Welch VA, editors. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions version 6.2 (updated February 2021). 2021. [cited 2021 Jun 14]; Available from www.training.cochrane.org/handbook
Price PC, Jhangiani RS, Chiang IA, Leighton DC, Cuttler C. Research Methods in Psychology. 2017. [cited 2021 Oct 28]; Available from https://opentext.wsu.edu/carriecuttler/
Amput P, Wongphon S, Phrompao P. Immediate effects of step up into coconut shell on hemodynamics in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of Medical Technology and Physical Therapy. 2016;28(3):278-86. (in Thai)
Pungpotong S, Sa-nguansaj S, Nunla-ong O, Nunla-ong Y. Effects of traditional bamboo foot care on reducing foot numbness in elderly diabetic patients. Khon Kaen University Journal for Public Health Research. 2014;7(2):75–80. (in Thai)
Viriyavejkul P. The comparison of foot care knowledge program with the foot care knowledge program combine with coconut shell stepping on foot numbness in patients with type 2 diabetes in U-Thong Hospital. Region 4-5 Medical Journal. 2011;30(1):57–66. (in Thai)
Thuma K, Khosinglang S, Wongruksa S. The effect of foot massage by stepping on bamboo rails in combination with foot bath with warm water on the symptoms foot numbness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Naresuan Phayao Journal. 2020;13(2):31–5. (in Thai)
Andrade C. Mean difference, standardized mean difference (SMD), and their use in meta-analysis: as simple as it gets [Internet]. 2021. [cited 2021 Nov 24]; Available from: https://www.psychiatrist.com/jcp/psychiatry/mean-difference-standardized-mean-difference-smd-and-their-use-in-meta-analysis/
Bureau of Non-Communicable Diseases, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health. Screening and treatment for diabetic complications. Bangkok: The printing press of the agricultural co-operative federation of Thailand; 2015. 56 p. (in Thai)