Bioactivities of Leucaena leucocephala Young Leaf Crude Extract
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Abstract
Leucaena leucocephala (krathin in Thai) has been used in foods and traditional medicines for a long time. This study aimed to assess L. leucocephala young leaf extract for determining its total phenolic content, investigate the inhibition of Heinz body formation, hemolytic effect and protection of G6PD-deficient human erythrocytes against oxidative damage, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity on leukemic cell lines. The results demonstrated that the total phenolic content of L. leucocephala young leaf extract was 325.6 ± 0.7 mg gallic acid equivalent per gram of dried extract (mg GAE/g extract). The extract could inhibit the Heinz body formation induced by acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) and prevent hemolysis damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in a concentration-dependent manner. The highest inhibition of Heinz body formation and protection values were about 12.8% and 4.3%, respectively, at the concentration 1,000 g/mL for G6PD-deficient erythrocytes. Regarding toxicity, KG-1a cell was more sensitive to the extract than Molt4 cell. The IC20 of extract on KG-1a cell was 79.2 ± 0.5 μg/mL, but the extract had no antimicrobial effect on bacteria from clinical samples. It is thus suggested that further in vivo studies should conducted on the effect of L. leucocephala young leaf extract to determine its non-toxic therapeutic doses for preventing oxidative stress and hemolysis in G6PD-deficient erythrocytes.
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