Effects of a Sarcopenia Prevention Model Applying Self-Efficacy via Web Application among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Pathum Thani Province
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Abstract
Abstract
This quasi-experimental research aimed to compare the effects of a sarcopenia prevention model using the concept of self-efficacy through a web application. The outcomes included knowledge of sarcopenia prevention, self-efficacy perception, preventive behaviors, muscle strength, and muscle mass among older adults in a community in Pathum Thani Province. The study used a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 45 older adults selected using multi-stage random sampling. The intervention lasted 12 weeks. Research instruments included the sarcopenia prevention model, a knowledge test, a self-efficacy questionnaire, a preventive behavior questionnaire, and assessments of muscle strength and muscle mass. Content validity was confirmed by five experts, with a content validity index ranging from 0.80 to 1.00. The knowledge test showed a reliability of 0.77 using the Kuder-Richardson 20 formula. The self-efficacy and behavior questionnaires showed reliability coefficients (Cronbach’s alpha) of 0.96 and 0.95, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and dependent t-tests.
The results showed that after the intervention, participants had significantly higher scores in knowledge (t = 6.577, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 1.95–3.68), self-efficacy (t = 2.13, p = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01–0.50), preventive behaviors (t = 4.03, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 0.25–0.74), muscle strength (t = 10.79, p < 0.001, 95% CI = 4.20–6.12), and muscle mass (t = 2.11, p = 0.04, 95% CI = 0.01–0.28).
These findings indicate that the sarcopenia prevention model applying the concept of self-efficacy through a web application is effective in promoting health among older adults in the community.
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