ผลของโปรแกรมพัฒนาพฤติกรรมป้องกันโรคหลอดเลือดสมองของผู้ป่วยโรคความดันโลหิตสูง  อำเภอเวียงสา จังหวัดน่าน

Siriporn Kuna; Warinee Iemsawasdikul; Vilaivan Thongcharoen

Authors

Siriporn Kuna Student of M.N.S. (Community Health Nurse Practitioner), School of Nursing, Sukhothai Thammathirat
Warinee Iemsawasdikul Open University, 2School of Nursing, Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University
Vilaivan Thongcharoen Faculty of Nursing, Princess Chulabhorn College of Medicine

Keywords:

Program, Stroke Preventive Behavior, Hypertension, Health Belief Model

Abstract

This two-group pretest–posttest design quasi-experimental study aimed to compare differences in stroke prevention behaviors, blood pressure, and stroke risk among the experimental group before and after receiving the program, and between the experimental and comparison groups after the program. The sample consisted of patients with essential hypertension who had low to moderate risk of stroke. Participants were selected from Aye Na Lai Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital by simple random sampling for the experimental group, while the comparison group was selected from Lai Nan Subdistrict Health Promoting Hospital, matched for age, systolic blood pressure, and duration of illness. Each group included 30 participants. The intervention instruments were: 1) the new stroke preventive behavior development program for patients with hypertension, based on the Health Belief model, 2) recording forms, and 3) a LINE application channel. Data collection instruments were: 1) a questionnaire consisting of demographic and health information, as well as stroke preventive behaviors questions related to diet and medication adherence (content validity index of 1.00 and Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of .88 and .93, respectively), 2) a digital blood pressure monitor, and 3) a cardiovascular risk assessment tool using a color-coded chart. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Minitab software. The results showed that

1. After the experiment, the experimental group had significantly higher stroke preventive behaviors than before the experiment and increased more than the comparison group (p-value < .05).

2. After the experiment, the experimental group had significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure than before the experiment and decreased more than the comparison group, and the stroke risk was significantly lower than before the experiment and the comparison group (p-value < .05).

Therefore, the stroke prevention behavior development program for hypertensive patients can be applied to prevent stroke in patients with other chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and obesity.

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