The Influence of Entrepreneurial Education and Antecedent Factors on the Orientation of Nursing Students
Keywords:
Educational Management, Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy, Entrepreneurial Intention, Career Commitment, Entrepreneurial OrientationAbstract
This explanatory sequential mixed-methods design study aimed to: 1) examine the effects of entrepreneurship education on career commitment, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial intention, 2) investigate the effects of career commitment and entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intention, and 3) analyze the influence of entrepreneurial intention on entrepreneurial orientation among nursing students. Study was divided in three phases: 1) a literature review to develop the conceptual framework, 2) a quantitative study involving 223 nursing students from a private university, with data analyzed using structural equation modeling, and 3) a qualitative study based on expert interviews to validate and further explain the quantitative findings. The results were as follows.
1. Entrepreneurship education had significant direct effects on career commitment (γ = 0.884, p-value < .001), entrepreneurial self-efficacy (γ = 0.411, p-value < .001), and entrepreneurial intention (γ = 0.242, p-value < .001). No direct effect on entrepreneurial orientation was found.
2. Career commitment had significant direct effects on entrepreneurial self-efficacy (β = 0.542, p-value < .001) and entrepreneurial intention (β = 0.605, p-value < .001). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy significantly influenced entrepreneurial intention (β = 0.316, p-value < .001) and entrepreneurial orientation (β = 0.194, p-value < .01).
3. Entrepreneurial intention exerted the strongest direct effect on entrepreneurial orientation (β = 0.545, p-value < .001). The model explained 90.4% of the variance in entrepreneurial orientation.
The findings suggest that fostering entrepreneurship among nursing students requires an integrated approach that combines educational management, the enhancement of career motivation, and the development of entrepreneurial self-efficacy.
References
Adeniyi, A. G. (2023). The mediating effects of entrepreneurial self-efficacy in the relationship between entrepreneurship education and start-up readiness. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 95. doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-02296-4
Adeniyi, E. O., & Dimkpa, D. I. (2025). Influence of entrepreneurship education on career aspiration of business education students in higher institutions in Port Harcourt metropolis. International Journal of Innovative Education Research, 13(1), 110-121. doi:10.5281/zenodo.14790006
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. doi.org/10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T
Aliedan, M. M., Elshaer, I. A., Alyahya, M. A., & Sobaih, A. E. E. (2022). Influences of university education support on entrepreneurship orientation and entrepreneurship intention: Application of theory of planned behavior. Sustainability, 14(20), 13097. doi.org/10.3390/su142013097
Bagis A. A. (2022). Building students' entrepreneurial orientation through entrepreneurial intention and workplace spirituality. Heliyon, 8(11), e11310.
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The Exercise of Control. W.H. Freeman. Barakat, S., Alammari, A., & Hassan, M. (2023). The role of self-efficacy in fostering entrepreneurial intentions among university students in emerging economies. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article 1134618. doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134618
Bayram, S., & Palese, A. (2022). Exploring career aspirations and entrepreneurial orientation among nursing students: A cross-national perspective. Nurse Education Today, 112, 105326. doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2022.105326
Chanchai, P., & Sirima, N. (2020). Factors influencing entrepreneurial intentions of students in the entrepreneurship-focused programs at the University of Phayao. Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-ok Social Science Journal, 3(3), 65–76. (in Thai)
Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis (2 ed). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc. Creswell J.W. (2015). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks,CA:Sage publications
Hair, J. R., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis (8 ed.). Essex, England: Pearson.
Kaabnezhadian, N., Jahani, S., Cheraghian, B., & Najafabadi, M. T. (2025). The effect of entrepreneurship education on self-efficacy belief and entrepreneurial intention of midwifery graduates. Journal of Health Reports and Technology, 11(11). e159230.
Kim, J., & Lee, S. (2025). Unpacking the contributions of self-leadership, self-efficacy, and entrepreneurial satisfaction in South Korean startups. SAGE Open, 15(1), Article 21582440251324807. doi.org/10.1177/21582440251324807
Li, X., & Wang, Y. (2024). The mediating role of entrepreneurial attitude between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention among college students in Henan Province, China. Journal of Research in Knowledge and Social Advancement, 10(2), 45-62. doi.org/10.33423/jrk.v10i2
Lim, W. M., Ciasullo, M. V., Escobar, O., & Kumar, S. (2024). Healthcare entrepreneurship: Current trends and future directions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 30(8), 2130–2157. doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-02-2023-0197
Miles, M. B. & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis (2nd ed.). Sage
Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Schwarz, S., Cohen, M., & Nielsen, I. (2019). Entrepreneurial self-efficacy: A systematic review of the literature on its theoretical foundations, measurement, antecedents, and outcomes, and an agenda for future research. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110, 403–419. doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2018.05.012
Prasetyowati, E., Husen, A., & Suparno, S. (2025). The influence of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intentions: A systematic review with PRISMA framework. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 6(3), 1876–1890. doi.org/10.38035/dijemss.v6i3
Santos, F. J., Roomi, M. A., & Liñán, F. (2022). Entrepreneurial intention among university students: The role of entrepreneurial education. Studies in Higher Education, 47(3), 541-558. doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2021.1892273
Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2010). A Beginner’s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling (3rd ed.). Taylor & Francis Group.
World Health Organization. (2021). The Future of Nursing: Global Strategic Directions for Nursing and Midwifery 2021–2025. WHO Press. Retrieved January 15, 2025, from https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240033863
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Nursing and Education
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
