Factors Predicting Quality of Life among Patients with Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Chonburi Province

Abstract

The purposes of this predictive research were both to study the quality of life and predict factors of quality of life among post-percutaneous coronary intervention patients. The sample group was 270 patients with ischemic heart disease. Participants were selected by sampling, among post-percutaneous coronary intervention treatment patients, accordingly with the principle of probability. Data were collected during the period from July to October 2020. The instruments used for the interviews consisted of personal information, and data collected from the patient's medical records, as well as the following: Quality of life assessment forms EQ-5D-5L; Self-Care Behavior to Prevent Recurrence questionnaire; social support questionnaires and community environment conducive to health promotion questionnaire. Their reliability scores were 0.73, 0.96, and 0.94, respectively. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and inferential statistical analysis of multiple regression.

Results showed that the quality of life was very high, with a mean utility of .97 (SD = .06) when assessed by the EQ-5D-5L assessment. The quality of life was directly assessed by visual analog scale method, with a mean score of 76.96 (SD=14.16). The regression coefficient of factors that could predict quality of life was calculated using visual analog scale. Factors that could predict the quality of life were left ventricular ejection fraction after percutaneous coronary intervention (b=0.298, p<.01) male (b=9.859, p<.01) self-care behaviors to prevent recurrence (b=0.189, p=.012) community health-enhancing environment (b=0.296, p=.008) number of risk factors (b=-1.974, p=.017) and period after percutaneous coronary intervention (b=0.574, p=.022) were able to predict the quality of life of 22.1% (R²=.221, p=<.001).

The results of this research suggested that professional nurses or medical personnel should be more careful in caring for female patients, patients with low cardiac contractility, patients with multiple risk factors or comorbidities, and patients who have recently undergone percutaneous coronary intervention should increase their knowledge, understanding and self-care skills for patients and their relatives. The patients should be referred to community nurses for continuous care to promote their quality of life.