ผลของสารสกัดจากใบ Piper sarmentosum ในการกำจัดลูกน้ำและพยาธิวิทยาต่อ Culex quinquefasciatus

Kanitta  Jiraungkoorskul; Wannee Jiraungkoorskul

Authors

Kanitta Jiraungkoorskul Faculty of Public Health, Bangkokthonburi University
Assoc. Prof. Wannee Jiraungkoorskul, Ph.D. Faculty of Public Health, Bangkokthonburi University

Keywords:

Cha Phlu, Histopathology, Larvae, Natural product, Pesticide

Abstract

The transmitted diseases by mosquitoes are still be classified as one of the serious problems in many countries. The chemical pesticides have been continuously used and affected human health and environments. The objective of this study was to find the alternative to chemical pesticide by evaluate the efficacy of the natural plants. Herb, Piper sarmentosum or Cha Phlu in local Thai, was extracted in different interval by using water. The total phenolic content in each interval was assayed and recorded. The results of the total phenolic content after 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 hours extractions were 8.96, 9.11, 10.8, 12.9 and 17.2 mg/g of dried leaves, respectively. The aqueous extraction of the concentration of total phenolic content was selected for the mosquito larvicidal activity evaluations. Therefore, the 24-hour extract was diluted to the concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/L and tested individually with Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito larvae for 24-h incubation to find the lethal concentrations. The results of the 24-h LC₅₀ and LC₉₀values were 32.9 and 61.6 mg/L respectively. The histopathological alterations after incubation with the 50% of the 24-h LC₅₀ were observed directly in the midgut tissue. The abnormal lesions were found as swelling enterocytes, separating or lifting from the basement membrane, hyperplasia, blebbing appearance and finally the necrosis of the tissues. The takeaway of this study suggests that using Cha Phlu as mosquito larvicidal herb should be well aspectual consideration.

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