Effects of Food Consumption Behavior Change Program Applied with Transtheoretical Model among Patients with Type 2 Uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus in Chonburi Province

Abstract

This quasi-experimental study was to investigate the effects of food consumption behavior change program applied with transtheoretical model among patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Participants were 70 patients recruited by simple random sampling from Chonburi Province and divided equally into the experimental group and the control group. The program consisted of four activities: 1) Stage of change; 2) Process of change 3) Decisional balance; and 4) Self-efficacy. Data, employed by questionnaires, and fasting blood sugar were collected at baseline and the end of the study period in week four. Questionnaires included three parts, general characteristic information of the participants, knowledge of diabetes mellitus with its Kuder–Richardson 20 = .64, and food consumption behavior with its Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = .72. Data were statistically analyzed using paired t-test for within group and using independent t-test for between groups.

        The results presented that knowledge about diabetes mellitus of the experimental group was significantly higher than baseline and the control group after 4 weeks period (p<.05). Food consumption behavior of the experimental group was also higher than the control group.

Moreover, FBS levels in T2DM patients significantly reduced after intervention when compared to the control group (M=132.46, SD=35.46 and M=172.60, SD=62.12 respectively) (p<.05).

        This study indicates that food consumption behavior change program applied with transtheoretical model can improve knowledge and behavior of food consumption, and also reduce blood glucose level. These results yield benefits to health promotion and control among patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus.