The Impact of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) on Oral Health
Keywords:
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), Oral health, Diabetes mellitus disease, Periodontal disease, Health promotionAbstract
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), driven by accumulated behavioral risk factors, are rising in Thailand, particularly among older adults—an estimated 20% in 2024, projected to reach 30% within seven years. Despite ongoing chronic care services, oral health has received limited attention in this population, even though evidence indicates higher risk of oral diseases among patients with NCDs and bidirectional effects of oral conditions on the control of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic disorders. This article analyzes the two-way relationship between NCDs and oral health across biological, social, and service-delivery dimensions, and examines public-health implications for quality of life, healthcare costs, and workforce burden. It then proposes a system-wide integration of oral healthcare into NCD services across primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, emphasizing four pillars: (1) routine co-screening within NCDs clinics, (2) continuous behavior support and counseling, (3) interprofessional teamwork with clear task-sharing, and (4) electronic referral and shared data systems for periodic follow-up. The proposed approach is intended to improve treatment efficiency, reduce complications, and sustainably enhance patient well-being.
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