A Comparative Study of Selected Factors among School-aged Children and Parents between Normal Nutritional Children and At-risk of Metabolic Syndrome Children in Chainat Province
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
This descriptive comparative study aimed to compare the knowledge of metabolic syndrome in school-aged children and their parents, children’s food consumption behavior, exercise and activity behavior and parental support between children with normal nutritional status and children at-risk of metabolic syndrome. The samples were students aged 10 - 12 years studying in grades 4 - 6 and their parents in Chainat province, divided into normal nutritional group (N = 124) and at-risk group (N = 62). Research instruments included 1) personal information questionnaire, 2) knowledge of metabolic syndrome questionnaire, 3) food consumption behavior questionnaire, and 4) exercise and activity behavior questionnaires for children. The content validity index was 1 and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.99, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient were 0.81 and 0.83, respectively. The knowledge of metabolic syndrome questionnaire and parental support questionnaire were used for parents with content validity index of 1 and Cronbach's alpha coefficients of 0.90 and 0.96, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. The results indicated that there were no significant differences of knowledge of metabolic syndrome of children and their parents, food consumption behavior and parental support between children with normal nutritional status and children at-risk of metabolic syndrome (z = - 0.400, p > .05, z = - 0.218, p > .05, z = - 0.026, p > .05, t = 0.369, p > .05 respectively). They had significant differences in exercise behavior and physical activities (t = 2.860, p < .05). At-risk children had lower average scores of exercise behaviors and physical activities than children with normal nutritional status. This study therefore suggests that parents, teachers and school administrators should support children to have appropriate exercise and physical activities in order to reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome in school-aged children.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
Siwarom S, Aekplakorn W, Pirojsakul K, Paksi W, Kessomboon P, Neelapaichit N, et al. Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V). BMC Public Health 2021;21(1):678.
Fazeli M, Mohammad-Zadeh M, Darroudi S, Meshkat Z, Moslem A, Ghazizadeh H, et al. New anthropometric indices in the definition of metabolic syndrome in pediatrics. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13(3):1779-84.
Medina-Vera I, Serralde A, Islas-Ortega L, Jiménez-Rolland E, Jimenez-Chanes K, Guevara M. Diagnosis of metabolic syndrome in children as a potential indicator of technical ability in medical and nutritional care. Nutr Hosp 2015; 32(5):2105-10.
Teixeira FC, Pereira FEF, Pereira AF, Ribeiro BG. Metabolic syndrome's risk factors and its association with nutritional status in schoolchildren. Prev Med Rep 2017;6:27-32.
Magge S, Goodman E, Armstrong S. The Metabolic syndrome in children and adolescents: shifting the focus to cardiometabolic risk factor clustering. Pediatrics 2017;140(2)e1-12.
Rerksuppaphol L, Rerksuppaphol S. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Thai children: a cross-sectional atudy. J Clin of Diagn Res 2014;8(4):4-7.
Chaimongkol N, Pongjaturawit Y, Tansawasdi T, Kwannate C. Metabolic syndrome among school-age children in the Eastern region of Thailand: Prevalence and a cohort study (1st year). [Research Report]. Chonburi: Faculty of Nursing, Burapha University; 2015. (in Thai).
Chainat Provincial Social Development and Human Security Office. Report on the social situation in Chainat Province. Chainat: Chainat Provincial Social Development and Human Security Office; 2018. (in Thai).
Wong DL, Hockenberry MJe, Wilson De. Wong`s nursing care of infants and children. 10th ed. St Louis: Elsevies Sunders; 2015.
Ogum Alangea D, Aryeetey RN, Gray HL, Laar AK, Adanu RMK. Dietary patterns and associated risk factors among school age children in urban Ghana. BMC Nutrition 2018;4(22):1-9.
Fiona CB, Salih SA-A, Stuart B, Katja B, Matthew PB, Greet C, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. J Sports Med 2020;54(24):1451-62.
Khan MA, Shah SM, Shehab A, Ghosal S, Muhairi SJ, Al-Rifai RH, et al. Screen time and metabolic syndrome among expatriate adolescents in the United Arab Emirates. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019;13(4):2565-69.
Suebsamran P, Pimpak T, Thani P, Chamnan P. The Metabolic syndrome and health behaviors in school children aged 13-16 years in Ubon Ratchathani: UMeSIA project. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018;16(8):425-32.
Wongchan W. Metabolic syndrome in adult: self-management. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses 2018;19(Suppl 2);16-24. (in Thai).
Poomikong P, Chomnirat W. Solution of over nutrition among primary school students in municipal area of Puainoi district, Khomkaen province. Journal of Sakon Nakhon Hospital 2019;21(2):152-62. (in Thai).
Chaiyasung P, Yakasem P, Chuthongrat N. Factors predicting food consumption behaviors of overweight elementary school students, grade 4-6. Journal of Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhonratchasima 2014;20(1):30-43. (in Thai).
Prasitnarapun B, Onseng V, Saengkhiew P, Khiaolueang D, Wuttijurepan A, Khempech U, et al. Factors predicting food consumption behaviors of school students, grade 4-6. Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Uttaradit Journal 2017;9(2):41-53. (in Thai).
Bunnag A, Nookong A, Senasutthiphan W, Jungsomjetpaisarn W, Pongsarananthakul Y, Limprattanakorn P. Model for preventing metabolic syndrome in teenagers through participatory processes: a case study in a government school Bangkok (Phase 1). [Research Report]. Bangkok: National Research Council of Thailand; 2014. (in Thai).
No-in K. Overweight and obesity among Thai school-aged children and adolescents. Journal of The Royal Thai Army Nurses 2017;18(suppl 2):1-8. (in Thai).
Treelop A, Sugkraroek P. Factors related to dietary and exercise behaviors at overweight of primary school Singburi province. DPU Journals 2017;6(1):1576-87. (in Thai)
Thai Society for Pediatric Endocrinology. New Thai Growth Chart by TSPE. [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 6]; Available from: https://thaipedendo.org/thai-growth-chart-by-tspe/. (in Thai).
Rerksuppaphol L, Rerksuppaphol S. Waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and body mass index of Thai children: secular change and updated reference. J Clin of Diagn Res 2014;8(4):5-9.
Chittchang U. INMU-Thai growth calculating program (INMU–ThaiGrowth). [Internet]. [cited 2021 Mar 4]; Available from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/53127. (in Thai).
Konthongtom T, Nookong A, Sangperm P. Effects of weight control program on eating and physical activity behaviors among school-aged children with overweight. Journal of Nursing Science Chulalongkorn University 2018;30(2):28-40. (in Thai).
House JS. Work Stress and social support (Addison-Wesley series on occupational stress). In: Hubbard P, Muhlenkamp AF, Brown N. The relationship between social support and self care practices. Nursing Research 1984;33:266-70.
Ha SA, Lee SY, Kim KA, Seo JS, Sohn CM, Park HR, et al. Eating habits, physical activity, nutrition knowledge, and self-efficacy by obesity status in upper-grade elementary school students. Nutr Res Pract 2016;10(6):597-605.
Pongpaibool T. KIDDEEIDOL Creative media production and The process of creating health communicators in Southern. Interdisciplinary Social Sciences and Communication Journal 2022;5(2):172-9. (in Thai).
Sakunwanwong T, Saengsawang P. Meal consumption by parental care and nutrition of school age at Ngao district, Lampang Province. TUH Journal online 2018;3(2);29-38. (in Thai).
Khamsuk K, Lanphukhieo B, Saowiang J. Food consumption behavior on nutritional status of primary students at Nongrungka school in Nakhon Ratchasima province. The 6th National Conference Nakhonratchasima College; 2019 March 30. Nakhonratchasima: Nakhonratchasima College; 2019:908-14. (in Thai).
Vilchis-Gil J, Galván-Portillo M, Klunder-Klunder M, Cruz M, Flores-Huerta S. Food habits, physical activities and sedentary lifestyles of eutrophic and obese school children: a case-control study. BMC Public Health 2015;15(124):1-8.