Heat-related Illnesses and Prevention among Seafarers
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Abstract
Global climate change has resulted in a rise in global temperatures, leading to an increased incidence of heat-related illnesses especially among workers who work outdoors or exposed to heat sources. Severe symptoms can even lead to fatalities. Common symptoms include excessive sweating, dizziness, and muscle cramps. Several factors contribute to the risk of heat-related illnesses, including personal factors (e.g., age, pre-existing medical condition), behavioral factors (e.g., inadequate hydration, heat acclimatization), and environmental factors. For seafarers whose work involves direct exposure to heat in all departments, the prevalence of heat-related illnesses was reported to be approximately 29%. There was also a correlation between heat and mental stress, particularly in the engine room. The primary prevention method is heat acclimatization, gradually increasing the duration of exposure to heat and most importantly, promoting awareness and providing training are key components. Studies have shown that knowledge about heatstroke still needs improvement. However, a positive attitude, characterized by consciousness and awareness while working in a hot environment, is associated with proper practices. Despite advancements in maritime technology that have improved work safety, uncontrollable environmental factors such as rising global temperatures persist. Therefore, it is crucial to promote awareness, provide knowledge, and emphasize the prevention and proper care of heat-related illnesses to ensure safety during ship operations.
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