The Effect of Health Literacy Promotion Program on Preventive Behaviors among Older Adults at Risk of Coronary Artery Disease
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Abstract
This research was a quasi-experimental, two-group pre and post-test design aiming to study the effects of a health literacy promotion program for the older adults at risk of coronary artery disease. Participants included older people at risk of coronary artery disease who met the specified criteria. Fifty-two participants were recruited and randomly assigned into the experimental group (n = 26) and the comparison group (n = 26). Research instruments included 1) a health literacy promotion program for the older adults at risk of coronary artery disease 2) a heart health care handbook for the older adults 3) a powerpoint presentation on preventive behaviors for coronary artery disease 4) a personal profile recording form and 5) assessment tools for preventive behaviors for coronary artery disease. All instruments were reviewed for content validity by a panel of experts. The contents and assessment tools were validated in terms of Content Validity Index (CVI) at the valve of 0.67 - 1. In addition, instruments for collecting data, which is the preventive behaviors for coronary artery disease test were verified for reliability using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient at the value of 0.82. The experimental group received a health literacy promotion program which was developed from Nutbeam’s health literacy concept while the comparison group received a normal nursing care. Data were collected during the pre-experimental stage and after the experiment using the coronary artery disease prevention behavior assessment form. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and paired t-test.
The results showed that the mean scores of coronary artery disease prevention behaviors of the experimental group in the post-experimental period were higher than the pre-experimental period and were significantly higher than the comparative group (p < .01). From this research results, it suggests that nurses who are working in the hospital should implement the health literacy promotion program in older adults at risk of coronary artery disease groups to promote appropriate coronary artery disease prevention behaviors.
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