Effects of Transboundary Haze on Hospital Outpatient Visits due to Respiratory and Cardiovascular Diseases in Regional Health 12
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Abstract
This study is a retrospective study, assessing time-series data. The aim was to assess the health effects of the transboundary haze. Health data was outpatient visits of region health 12 in 2019. Inverse distance weighting methods were used to interpolate the concentration of PM2.5 at subdistrict levels. Haze day were defined as the days when the ambient concentrations of PM2.5 exceeded their 95th percentile during the study period and confirmed by backward trajectory simulation. Haze days were found associated with increased incidence rate (IRR, 95% confidence intervals) of pneumonia for 1.45 (1.34 - 1.56), acute bronchitis for 1.42 (1.35 - 1.49), upper respiratory tract infection (URI) for 1.30 (1.26 - 1.33), acute asthmatic attack for 1.14 (1.05 - 1.23), especially in age group less than 20 years and cardiac arrhythmia for 1.19 (1.06 - 1.33) time in all age groups except age group 20 - 44 years. Every 10 µg/m3 increases of PM2.5 was associated with the increase in the incidence rate of URI (lag0-lag7), acute bronchitis (lag0-lag7), pneumonia (lag0-lag7), acute asthmatic attack (lag0-lag5), COPD (lag2-lag7) and cardiac arrhythmia (lag0,1,2,3,7). Therefore, The Thai Ministry of Public Health should encourage risk communication regarding haze. Surveillance system for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases during the haze days should be implemented.
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