The Effect of Health Belief Model Program on Complication Preventive Behavior in Hypertensive Older Persons
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Abstract
This study is quasi-experimental research with an aim to examine the effects of a health belief model program on complication preventive behavior in hypertensive older persons. The Health Belief Model developed by Strecher and Rosenstock was employed as the intervention. The target group was 50 elderly people with hypertension at the Elderly Club of Amphoe Wiset Chai Chan, Angthong, who met the eligibility criteria. The first 25 subjects were assigned to the control group and the next 25 subjects were assigned to the experimental group. They were pair-matched based on their similar characteristics in terms of gender, age, and educational attainment. The control group received routine nursing care, whereas the experimental group participated in the health belief model program for elderly people with hypertension. The research instrument was the health belief model program for complication preventive behavior in hypertensive older persons. The program consisted of a program implementation guide, a handbook of concepts and facts that elderly people with hypertension should know to prevent complications of hypertension, which were reviewed by five content experts to check content validity. The data were collected using the “Health behavior to prevent complications from hypertension” questionnaire which had a content validity index (CVI) of 0.85 and an acceptable reliability at 0.84. The data were analyzed and presented using descriptive (mean, percentage, and standard deviation) and t-test statistics.
The research results can be summarized as follows :
1. Complication preventive behavior in hypertensive older persons after participating in the health belief model program was better than that of before participating in the program with statistical significance at .05.
2. Complication preventive behavior in hypertensive older persons participating in the health belief model program was better than that of receiving routine nursing care with statistical significance at .05.
Recommendations should apply the health belief model program to older persons with hypertension in context in each responsible area for encouraging change in complication preventive behavior from hypertension.
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