Predicting Factors of Dietary Behaviors in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
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Abstract
The purpose of this research study was to examine the relationships and prediction of factors on dietary behaviors in patients with coronary artery disease. One hundred and twenty-eight out-patients with coronary artery disease (both males and females) aged between 40 and 59 years were recruited from Heart clinics of four tertiary hospitals in Bangkok Metropolitan with multi-stage sampling technique. The research instruments were composed of 1) demographic information, 2) knowledge of heart healthy food scale, 3) attitude to heart healthy food scale, 4) family support scale, 5) autonomy support scale, 6) heart healthy food accessibility scale, and 7) dietary behaviors scale. The content validity of these questionnaires were 0.93, 0.90, 1.00, 0.95, 0.93, and 0.98, respectively and the reliabilities were 0.77, 0.74, 0.95, 0.94, 0.87, and 0.82, respectively. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data. The findings were as follows: 1. The mean score of dietary behaviors among patients with coronary artery disease was good (Mean = 49.28, SD = 4.68). 2. Knowledge of heart healthy food, attitude to heart healthy food, family support, autonomy support, and heart healthy food accessibility were positively related to dietary behaviors in patients with coronary artery disease at the level of .05 (r = .224, .204, .320, .319, and .343, respectively). 3. The factors predicted dietary behaviors in patients with coronary artery disease at a statistical significant level of .05 were heart healthy food accessibility (Beta = .262) and family support (Beta = .225). Predictive factors accounted for 16.2 percent of dietary behaviors in patients with coronary artery disease (R2 = .162). This study can be used as a guideline for developing a program to promote healthy eating behaviors for the patients with coronary heart disease.
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