Nursing Care for Patient with type 2 diabetes to Achieve diabetes remission through behavior modification based on health literacy: Two Case Studies

Abstract

Purposes: To study case studies and propose nursing care plans for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes to  Achieve diabetes remission , using the nursing process of behavioral modification based on health literacy to enable them to properly manage their health.

Study design: Case Study.

Materials and Methods: A case study was conducted using a purposive sampling method, selecting two diabetic patients on a voluntary basis. The criteria for selection were that the patients were diagnosed with diabetes and received treatment at Muang Suang Hospital between December 2024 and December 2025, and had poorly controlled blood sugar levels.

Main findings: A deep analysis of the underlying causes and factors contributing to uncontrolled blood sugar levels revealed that inappropriate dietary behaviors were not a major problem. Data collected using a questionnaire on desirable health behaviors in both patients showed that Patient 1 possessed health literacy regarding diet but was unable to modify their eating habits and lacked knowledge and understanding of exercise-related behaviors. After six months of behavior modification, blood sugar control improved but did not reach remission. Therefore, continued follow-up is necessary even after the study concludes. Patient 2 also demonstrated health literacy regarding diet but, like Patient 1, was unable to modify their eating habits. After six months of behavior modification, blood sugar control improved and reached remission. The study also found that Patient 1 had more complex health issues, including co-existing hypertension, making behavior modification and achieving blood sugar remission more challenging.

Conclusion and Recommendations: The study of these two patients showed that promoting knowledge about diabetes, proper self-care, and the ability to integrate it into their lifestyles, including engaging in independent health activities, making decisions, and demonstrating self-care behaviors, requires both knowledge and self-efficacy. Specifically, when illness occurs, patients must be able to adapt their self-care behaviors to their specific condition, assess abnormalities, and make decisions about self-change. Patients need to recognize their own capabilities and gain confidence in their ability to modify their behaviors. Exhibiting various self-care behaviors will enable patients to consider and become interested in changing their self-care habits, thereby reducing the risk of complications and helping to control blood sugar levels, ultimately leading to remission.