Evaluation of Liver Fluke Control Program Implementation: A Case Study in High-Prevalence Areas, Roi Et Province, Thailand, 2024

Abstract

Purposes: To assess knowledge, preventive behaviors, and the reinfection rate of liver fluke (Opisthorchis viverrini) infection in high-prevalence areas of Roi Et Province. 

Study design: Evaluation research. 

Materials and Methods: The study included 105 participants who tested positive for liver fluke infection via stool examination in 2021. The sample was drawn from the highest endemic areas in Roi Et Province, namely Nong Phok and Ma-ue subdistricts, based on inclusion criteria. Data were collected using questionnaires and focus group discussions, then analyzed using descriptive statistics and percentage differences. 

Main findings: The majority of participants had: Low knowledge scores regarding dietary habits affecting liver fluke infection (61.0%), Low knowledge about liver fluke disease (60.0%). A relatively low prevalence of raw or undercooked food consumption (41.9%). No prior liver ultrasonography screening for liver/bile duct cancer (64.1%).  Among those who underwent ultrasound:  55.9% had normal results, while 38.2% showed abnormalities, Of those with abnormal findings, only 30.8% were referred for further treatment, while 69.2% received no referral. Primary sources of liver fluke-related information included: Facebook and Instagram (38.6%), Private organizations and foundations (36.6%), and line, YouTube, and TikTok (35.2%). The reinfection rate was 35.24%, while 64.76% had no reinfection, yielding a difference of 59.04% in the studied population. 

Conclusion and Recommendations: The findings suggest that relevant agencies should implement integrated interventions , emphasizing: Online communication campaigns, Proactive disease screening, and Improved patient referral systems.  Additionally, awareness should be raised through community engagement and influential social media platforms to effectively reduce reinfection rates.