Analysis of Correlation between Laboratory Test Results and the Risk of Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Keywords:
COVID-19 infection, Laboratory test results, Mortality riskAbstract
Purpose: To analysis of correlation between laboratory test results and the risk of mortality in patients with COVID-19 infection.
Study Design: Case-control study.
Materials and Methods: Case group were COVID-19 patients who died. Control group were COVID-19 patients who survived. Data were collected from laboratory test results between January 1, 2023, and December 31, 2024. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regressions, with a significance level set at p < .005.
Main findings: The study included 95 cases, with the majority being male (68.42%), and an average age of 62.45 years (SD. = 13.27). The control group consisted of 190 individuals, also predominantly male (68.42%), with an average age of 59.39 years (SD. = 12.46). After adjusting for sex, analysis of correlation between laboratory test results and the risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients were found statistically significantly, including Hematocrit < 35% (Adj. OR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.54-5.23), Creatinine > 1.2 mg/dL (Adj. OR = 2.90; 95% CI: 1.87-4.13), Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) 15-29 mL/min/1.73m² (Adj. OR = 14.04; 95% CI: 3.04-34.60).
Conclusion and recommendations: This study found a correlation between laboratory test results and the risk of mortality in COVID-19 patients. Anemia (low hematocrit) and impaired kidney function (high creatinine) were significantly associated with increased mortality risk. Among these factors, severe renal impairment (low eGFR) had the greatest impact on mortality risk. Monitoring these laboratory parameters may help physicians assess patient risk and provide appropriate treatment, potentially reducing the mortality rate in COVID-19 patients.
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