Relationships among Knowledge, Attitude, and Behaviors Regarding COVID-19 Infection Prevention Among Older People Living in One Municipality in Southern Thailand
Keywords:
knowledge, attitude, prevention behaviors, COVID-19, Older peopleAbstract
This descriptive research aimed to study the relationships among knowledge, attitude, and prevention behaviors and COVID-19 infection among older people living in one municipality of a province in southern Thailand. Two hundred and seventy older people were recruited using the G*power program and a simple sampling technique. The data were collected from January to March 2022. The research instruments were the personal data record and a set of three questionnaires about knowledge, attitudes, and prevention behaviors related to COVID-19 infections. The reliability of the questionnaire regarding knowledge about COVID-19 infection prevention was evaluated using KR-20, which yielded a value of 0.84. The reliability of the attitude and prevention behavior questionnaires were tested using Cronbach's alpha coefficients and were revealed to be 0.78 and 0.84, respectively. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Correlation Coefficients.
The results demonstrated that the older people had a high level of knowledge about COVID-19 (M=17.93, S.D.=1.68), a good level of attitude towards COVID-19 infection prevention (M=3.91, S.D.=0.48), and a high level of COVID-19 infection prevention behaviors (M=4.06, S.D.=0.39). Furthermore, education regarding the information sources and attitudes towards COVID-19 infection prevention had a statistically significant positive relationship to COVID-19 infection prevention behaviors at p<.05 (r=0.14, r=0.17 and r=0.14, respectively). The older people’s knowledge levels had a statistically significant positive relationship to COVID-19 infection prevention behaviors (r=0.18) (p<.001). These findings can be used as guidelines to develop programs to educate people and improve their attitudes about Covid-19 in order to promote engaging in appropriate prevention behaviors and to campaign for new normal behaviors to prevent COVID-19 infections.
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