Factors Predicting Successful Viral Load Control among Individuals with HIV/AIDS Infection at the Infectious Disease Clinic of the Tertiary Care Hospital
Keywords:
HIV/AIDS infection, viral load, predicting factorsAbstract
This analytical retrospective study aimed to identify the factors predicting viral load level among HIV/AIDS infected individuals using the ecological model as a study framework. Study subjects were 42 individuals with HIV/AIDS receiving treatment with antiretroviral (ART) medicines for at least six months at the Infectious Disease Clinic of the tertiary care hospital in northeast Thailand between October 2020 and September 2021. Data were collected from medical records and the HIV/AIDS registry. Demographic and health-related information were analyzed with descriptive statistics. Factors predicting viral load level were analyzed using logistic regressions.
The results from a univariate analysis showed that the factors predicting viral load level were sex (OR=5.33, 95%CI: 1.09-25.98, p=.038), age (OR=6.25, 95%CI: 1.26-30.90, p=.025), ART drug adherence (OR=14.5, 95% CI: 2.55-82.28, p=.003), current place of residence (OR=9.6, 95%CI: 1.07-85.68, p=.043), and ART starting time (OR=15.75, 95%CI: 2.59-95.60, p=.003). Factors predicting viral load level in a multivariable analysis were ART drug adherence (AOR =9.64, 95%CI: 1.25-74.28, p=.030) and ART starting time (AOR =9.36, 95%CI: 1.26- 69.37, p=.029). Results from this study reflected that multi-level factors could predict HIV viral load when using the ecological model as a conceptual framework. Therefore, efforts to promote viral load control should target these influencing factors at all levels.
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