Factors Affecting Health-Factors Affecting Health-Related Behaviors in Adults with Hypertension In VietnamRelated Behaviors in Adults with Hypertension In Vietnam

บทคัดย่อ

This descriptive correlation study aimed to identify level of Health-Related Behaviors (HRBs) and to examine relationship between factors relevant to HRBs including personal, extrapersonal, and environmental factors and HRBs in adults with hypertension. Pender’s Health Promotion and Green & Kreuter’s PRECEDE-PROCEED Models were used as a frame of reference for this study. The convenience sample of 150 hypertensive people aged 35 to 65 years, who received treatment at both cardiovascular ward and outpatient clinic of Khanh Hoa General Hospital, Khanh Hoa, Vietnam were adopted. The data collection tools were constructed based on Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II, Pender’s Health Promotion and Green and Kreuter’s PRECEDE-PROCEED Models. All tools were tested for content validity and reliability. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Product-Moment Correlation Analysis were employed for data collection.

The results showed that the overall HRBs were found at moderate level (X=2.87, SD=0.25). Among HRBs’ dimensions, physical activity had the lowest mean score (X=2.17, SD=0.44) whilst smoking had the highest one (X=3.61, SD=0.71). Correlation analysis revealed that overall HRBs had significantly positive association with gender (r = 0.331, p < .001), educational level (r = 0.263, p < .01), perceived benefits (r = 0.422, p < .001), perceived self-efficacy (r = 0.320, p < .001), extrapersonal factors (r = 0.266, p < .01), and environmental factors (r = 0.336, p < .001). The only factor that was negatively associated with the overall HRBs was living area (r = - 0.208, p < .05).

The findings suggested that in order to enhance appropriate health-related behaviors among hypertensive people, nurses initially need to assist them to realize connections among their illness, their behaviors, and role of influencing factors. Prior to further intervention taken, this study also provided fundamental evidence for designing appropriate nursing intervention regarding behavioral improvement among hypertensive people toward optimal health status and level of well-being.