Development of Electrocardiograph Pocket Monitor

Abstract

Introduction: An electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) is an electrical signal detected by sensors that aids in monitoring and diagnosing irregularities in a patient's heart rhythms. However, standard electrocardiogram machines are still limited by their cost, size, and portability, which impacts their accessibility for continuous monitoring or use outside of hospitals.

Objectives: Consequently, this study aims to (1) develop a prototype device capable of measuring patients' electrocardiogram signals using all six limb leads (I, II, III, aVR, aVL, and aVF) and displaying the patient's heart rate, and (2) evaluate its technical performance in an exploratory (proof-of-concept) manner under controlled conditions.

Methods: A prototype of a portable electrocardiograph device, known as the Electrocardiograph Pocket Monitor, was developed. It utilizes a sensor to detect electrocardiogram signals as the input component and employs a microcontroller for signal processing. The processed electrocardiogram data is then transmitted for display on a 7-inch touchscreen. The device's performance was evaluated using a Fluke ProSim8 vital signs simulator across four experiments: amplitude measurement, heart rate measurement, battery life testing, and display performance testing.

Results and Conclusion: The portable electrocardiogram (ECG) device developed is capable of consistently measuring electrical signals from all six limb leads, with an average amplitude deviation of no more than 10% (average for 6 leads = 9.25%). Additionally, it achieves an average heart rate measurement deviation of just 0.6% when compared to the standard vital sign simulator, Fluke ProSim8. The device is powered by a battery that allows for continuous operation for approximately 26 hours. The findings of this study suggest that the newly developed portable electrocardiogram device holds promise as a tool for monitoring and screening heart rhythm abnormalities outside medical facilities. Additionally, it can serve as a prototype for future development of low-cost medical devices.