A 4-Year Transition of Health-Risk Factors and Its Effects on the Prevalence of Hypertension Among a Cohort of 60,569 Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University students
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Abstract
Objective Rapid economic growth transformed Thailand from a developing to a newly industrialized middle-income country. This fuelled a transition in health-risk factors including an increase in the prevalence of hypertension, an important risk factor for mortality associated with heart disease and stroke. This study analyses changes in health risk factors and associated hypertension trends over a 4 year period in a large national cohort of Thai adults.
Design and methods Data derived from 60,569 Sukhothai Thammathirat Open University students living all over Thailand and participating in the Thai Cohort Study by responding to mail-based questionnaire surveys in both 2005 and 2009.
Results Overall, the prevalence of hypertension among cohort members increased from 5.0% in 2005 to 6.1% in 2009. Hypertension prevalence in 2009 was higher in both sexes, 7.6% vs 9.4% for males and 2.8% vs 3.4% for females. In both sexes,hypertensionassociated withincreasingage, obesity, diabetes, high blood lipids and alcohol consumption. In males, hypertension associated with marriage, smoking and higher income.
Conclusion In Thailand, hypertension prevalence is increasingandis associated withobesity,diabetes mellitus,highbloodlipids andalcohol consumption. Smoking, being married andhaving ahighincome are associated with hypertension in males but not infemales.Thais shouldbe encouragedto exercise more and control weight, stop smoking, drink less alcohol and consume healthy low fat foods.
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