Development and Evaluate the Effectiveness of the Care Mode to Prevent the Risk of Bone Fractures from Osteoporosis in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Objective: The study is designed as research and development. The objective is to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of the care model to prevent the risk of bone fractures from osteoporosis in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: The sample group selected for sampling are type 2 diabetic patients in a diabetes clinic Pakkret Hospital, ages 60-75 years who had diabetes for more than 5 years HbA1c > 7.5%. The data was collected from 18 July to 18 September 2023 from patients who had Frax score and BMD positive. The research is segregated into two distinct phases. Phase 1: Model Development. This phase includes examining the current scenario and observing the environment dedicated to elderly patients with type 2 diabetes care. We conducted comprehensive interviews with a multi-disciplinary team tasked with caring for elderly type 2 diabetes patients who have problems with osteoporosis and bone Fractures. We then created a model using the design thinking process as the basis and PDCA concepts model development process for design. Phase 2: Evaluation of Model Efficacy. In this Phase, we assessed the knowledge of elderly type 2 diabetes patients participating to prevent bone fractures from osteoporosis. The tools implemented in this research include practices to prevent bone fractures from osteoporosis, knowledge, and practice evaluation to prevent complications. We employed descriptive statistics and Paired Samples T-Test for data analysis. Results: After the adoption of our developed model, the elderly type 2 diabetes patients showcased significantly improved knowledge scores. Their self-care practices for preventing complications were significantly enhanced compared to the pre-model usage (p-value < 0.05). Conclusion: The participating elderly type 2 diabetes patients demonstrated a high level of satisfaction.