The Effectiveness of an Insulin Injection Teaching Program for Diabetes Patients who Treated with Insulin Injection at the Diabetes Mellitus Clinic of Buengkan Hospital

Abstract

This study was a quasi-experimental design research with one particular group. The aims of study were to compare knowledge about insulin injections and the use of insulin injections before and after applying the Insulin injection teaching program, in order to compare the practice of insulin injections among diabetic patients who treated with insulin injection treatments before and after applying the insulin injection teaching program. Additionally, it is also to compare the formation of nodules on the abdominal skin of insulin injection patients among diabetic patients who treated with insulin injection treatments before and after applying insulin injection teaching program. The samples of this study comprises 186 patients who were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus and treated with insulin injections at the Diabetes Mellitus Clinic of Buengkan Hospital, and were enrolled between May 6 – June 15, 2019. The research tools used for data collection consisted of a general information questionnaire to assess The Information regarding Insulin Injections, and the Use of Insulin Injections, as well as the recording of information to assess the formation of nodules on the abdominal skin of insulin injection patients. The data were analyzed through the use of percentages, mean, standard deviation, and paired t-test statistics, to compare knowledge regarding insulin injections and the use of insulin injections, the practice of administering insulin injections, and the formation of nodules in the abdominal skin of insulin injection patients. The result of the study revealed as follows ; Female subjects were found to be more than male (65.05%), were older than or equal to 50 years of age (56.99%), 45.16% were found to be already married, the highest level of education is at the lower secondary level (38.71%), and are engaged in a trade/personal business (36.56%). The samples had an average score of the knowledge before applying the Insulin injection teaching program at 13.39, and 14.88 after completing the program. When testing for statistical differences, it was found that the average score of knowledge before and after applying the Insulin injection teaching program show a statistically significant difference of p<0.001. The samples had an average score of practice before applying the Insulin injection teaching program at 25.70, and 26.81 after applying the Insulin injection teaching program show a statistically significant difference of p<0.001. Nodules in the abdominal skin formed in 32.80 percent of the sample group before applying the Insulin injection teaching program, and was reduced to only 1.61 percent after Insulin injection teaching program was applied. In summary, Insulin injection teaching program and the related pharmaceutical care at the Diabetes Mellitus Clinic of Buengkan Hospital consists of providing knowledge and understanding regarding insulin injections, teaching about insulin injections, and tracking the formation of nodules on the abdominal skin of patients who treated with insulin injection. Pharmacists play an important role in providing knowledge and practice in guiding patients to utilize the program.