Effectiveness of Nutrition Counseling and Exercise Program in Community Dwelling Older Adults with Sarcopenia
Keywords:
Sarcopenia, Older Adults, Nutrition Counseling, Resistance ExerciseAbstract
With Thailand's rapidly aging population, sarcopenia has emerged as a significant health concern among community-dwelling older adults. This quasi-experimental study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a nutrition counseling and exercise program among community-dwelling older adults with sarcopenia. The sample consisted of 27 participants recruited from the service area of Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok. The 8-week intervention included personalized nutritional counseling, meal planning, and resistance training, with health outcomes assessed pre- and post-intervention. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze demographic characteristics and clinical variables, including weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), calf circumference, muscle mass, handgrip strength, gait speed, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), energy, and protein intake. Paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-test outcomes. Results indicated significant improvements (p < 0.001) in nutritional intake, with mean daily energy increasing from 796.83±253.77 kcal to 925.50±222.10 kcal (p < 0.001), and mean protein intake rising from 29.15±8.86 g to 39.39±8.51 g (p < 0.001). Nutritional status, measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), improved substantially, with the proportion of participants in normal nutritional status increasing from 48.1% to 81.5%. Furthermore, anthropometric indicators and muscle performance tests demonstrated favorable changes following the intervention. This study highlights the importance of integrating nutrition counseling with resistance exercise for improving dietary intake, nutritional status, and functional outcomes among older adults with sarcopenia. The findings support the value of community-based interventions in promoting healthy aging and preventing functional decline, underscoring the need for future research to inform evidence-based practice guidelines.
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