Factor related to Cardiovascular Risk among Hypertensive Patients in Bang Pla Health Promoting Hospital, Bangphli District, Samutprakan Province

Abstract

Hypertensive patients have high risks of complications in cardiovascular disease. The objective of this cross-section analytical study focused on factors related to cardiovascular diseases risks mong hypertensive patients. The sample was composed of hypertensive patients who had risks of heart disease and coronary heart disease, were 35 years old and above, with blood pressure equal to or higher than 140/90mmHg and lived in the service area of Bang Pla Health Promoting Hospital, Bang Phli district, Samutprakan province. There were 160 participants in the sample and data were collected from the patients' medical records. Data were analyzed by using mean percentage, chi-square, logistic regression odds ratio, with 95% confidence intervals.
The study found that the differential risks of cardiovascular diseases were high, being 2.50% in women and 8.10% in men (p<0.001). The sample comprised of 65 women over 60 years old, accounting for 40.60% of the total. The BMI indicated overweight status in 49.40% of women and 15.60% of men (p=0.002). Among the subjects, 8.10% of men smoked (p<0.001) and 17.50% drank alcohol (p<0.001). Women with a waist circumference greater than 80 cm made up 55.60%, while men with a waist circumference greater than 90 cm made up 13.80% (p<0.001). Additionally, 24.40% of women had an HDL level less than 40 mg/dl, compared to 5.60% of men with an HDL level less than 50 mg/dl (p=0.015). The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCD) was 39.40% in women and 10.60% in men (p=0.002). Factors related to cardiovascular risk found that women had a higher risk of cardiovascular disease than men at 17.65% (OR = 17.65, 95% CI = 2.91-106.95). Smoking was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease compared to non-smoking at 0.09% (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.01-0.79), which was statistically significant. This study can be used for health promotion to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.