Development of Child Rearing Cultural Transmission Process Based on The Local Wisdom Empowerment Theory

Abstract

Five main facets of child rearing cultural transmission process were examined: 1) objectives:
transmitting child-care knowledge to parents and other stakeholders. 2) body of knowledge
contents categorized into: 2.1) ritual steps and materials 2.2) lore and beliefs. 3) characteristics
of transmitters and receivers; transmitters were consisting of wise men of experts in each genre
of cultural content. Some were venerable and some were natural leaders of the community;
receivers –consisting of related persons (kin) and other persons who were interested. 4) methods/
media-transmission of oral literature, practical demonstrations, practice and imitation, trial and
error; and 5) evaluation, including informal practice and additional instruction.
Four main facets of the local wisdom empowerment to develop child rearing cultural
transmission process consisted of concepts and principles, objectives, basic knowledge, and
strategy on wisdom empowerment. Seven stages of empowerment procedures were: 1)
participatory rural appraisal; 2) defining community needs; 3) empowerment via community
learning experience; 4) develop learning units; 5) field study; 6) reflection and knowledge
exchanged dialogue; and 7) participatory evaluation.
After the empowerment process the children demonstrated their self-understanding
in three aspects: 1) using their ethnic language to learn from the local wisdom teachers, 2)
observing their community heritage in cuisine and tradition, 3) accepting their community and
forest interdependent way of living.